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Which racial or ethnic group has the highest life expectancy in the United States?
- A. Native Americans
- B. African Americans
- C. Hispanic Americans
- D. Asian and Pacific Island Americans
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Asian and Pacific Island Americans. This group has the highest life expectancy in the US due to various factors such as healthy dietary habits, lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption, access to quality healthcare, and strong social support systems. They also tend to engage in regular physical activity and have lower rates of obesity and chronic diseases compared to other racial or ethnic groups. In contrast, choices A, B, and C have lower life expectancies due to factors such as higher rates of poverty, inadequate healthcare access, systemic racism, and higher prevalence of chronic health conditions like diabetes and heart disease.
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An older man is transferred to a hospice facility with end-stage disease. Which is a suitable nursing intervention for this older adult and his family according to the goals of long-term care?
- A. Decrease the analgesic dose to prevent sedation.
- B. Provide a basin and towels for morning self-care.
- C. Inform family members about strict visiting hours.
- D. Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Facilitate family rituals related to death and dying. In end-of-life care, it is essential to support the older adult and their family in their cultural and spiritual practices to promote comfort and closure. This intervention aligns with the goals of long-term care by addressing the psychological and emotional needs of the patient and family. Providing a basin and towels (B) focuses on physical self-care, which may not be a priority in end-stage disease. Decreasing analgesic dose (A) can compromise pain management and quality of life. Informing family members about strict visiting hours (C) can hinder emotional support and connection during this critical time.
All of the following conditions except___ can cause renal failure, especially in the older adult.
- A. diabetes mellitus
- B. prostate hypertrophy causing obstruction of urine thru the urethra
- C. heart failure
- D. ingesting more than 4 gms of acetaminophen (Tylenol) per day consistently for 2 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Ingesting excessive acetaminophen can lead to liver damage, not renal failure. Diabetes mellitus, prostate hypertrophy causing urinary obstruction, and heart failure are known to cause renal failure due to their effects on kidney function. Diabetic nephropathy can damage the kidneys over time, prostate hypertrophy can obstruct urine flow and lead to kidney damage, and heart failure can result in decreased blood flow to the kidneys, causing renal failure. Thus, D is the correct answer as it does not directly cause renal failure, unlike the other choices.
Identify the Healthy People 2020 emerging issues in the health of older adults.
- A. Coordinating care for the older adult population
- B. Assisting older adults in the management of their own care
- C. Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults
- D. Making community resources available for older adults
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Coordinating care for the older adult population. This is a key emerging issue in the health of older adults as it focuses on improving the integration and coordination of healthcare services to ensure comprehensive and efficient care delivery. This includes addressing the complex needs of older adults, promoting continuity of care, and enhancing communication among healthcare providers.
Rationale:
1. Coordinating care addresses the holistic needs of older adults.
2. It aims to prevent fragmented care and improve health outcomes.
3. Enhances collaboration among healthcare providers and community resources.
4. Promotes patient-centered care and improves quality of life for older adults.
Other Choices:
B: Assisting older adults in the management of their own care - While important, this focuses on individual responsibility rather than systemic coordination.
C: Identifying levels of training for those caring for older adults - Relevant but not a primary emerging issue in the health of older adults.
D: Making community resources available for older adults - Important, but
The nurse is admitting a patient to a long-term care facility. During the admission, the patient verbalizes a concern about getting dementia now that he is in a nursing home. In which activities should the nurse encourage the patient to participate to maintain brain health?
- A. Physical exercise
- B. Stimulating mental activity
- C. Socialization
- D. Crossword puzzles
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Physical exercise. Engaging in physical exercise has been shown to improve blood flow to the brain, promote the growth of new brain cells, and enhance cognitive function. This helps maintain brain health and may reduce the risk of developing dementia. Other choices are not as directly related to brain health. B: Stimulating mental activity is important but not as effective as physical exercise in preventing dementia. C: Socialization is beneficial for overall well-being but does not have a direct impact on brain health. D: Crossword puzzles are a form of mental stimulation, but physical exercise has a greater impact on brain health.
All of the following nursing actions except____________ will help maintain safety for the elderly.
- A. Modify environment to reduce obstacles and barriers to ambulation
- B. Provide for consistent, regular checks of clients' ambulation abilities
- C. Orient to new surroundings and repeat frequently as needed
- D. Promote independence without assistance to all clients
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because promoting independence without assistance to all clients may not always maintain safety for the elderly. Elderly individuals may require some level of assistance for certain activities to prevent falls or other safety risks. Providing assistance when needed is crucial for ensuring their safety.
A: Modifying the environment to reduce obstacles and barriers to ambulation helps prevent falls.
B: Consistent checks of ambulation abilities ensure early detection of any decline in mobility.
C: Orienting to new surroundings and repeating as needed helps prevent confusion and disorientation.