Nokea
Which of the following lab values would indicate symptomatic AIDS in the medical chart? (T4 cell count per deciliter)
- A. Greater than 1000 cells per deciliter
- B. Less than 500 cells per deciliter
- C. Greater than 2000 cells per deciliter
- D. Less than 200 cells per deciliter
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A T4 cell count less than 200 cells per deciliter indicates symptomatic AIDS, as it reflects severe immunosuppression.
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Legal protection of confidentiality:
- A. extends only to written documentation.
- B. extends to the electronic dissemination of information not identifiable to a specific client.
- C. is important only within the court system.
- D. extends to both written and verbal information.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Legal protection of confidentiality extends to both written and verbal information identifiable as individual private health information.
Which of the following coping mechanisms protects an individual from anxiety?
- A. denial and fantasy
- B. rationalization and suppression
- C. regression and displacement
- D. reaction formation and projection
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Denial and fantasy reduce anxiety by avoiding or reimagining reality, serving as protective coping mechanisms, unlike the other options, which may not consistently reduce anxiety.
The nurse who was not promoted tells another friend, 'I knew I'd never get the job. The hospital administrator hates me.' If she actually believes this of the administrator, who, in reality, knows little of her, she is demonstrating:
- A. compensation.
- B. reaction formation.
- C. projection.
- D. denial.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Projection results in unconsciously adopting blaming behavior. It attributes unacceptable attributes to other people.
The PN is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. The nurse can expect the lab work to show:
- A. elevated urine osmolarity and elevated serum osmolarity.
- B. decreased urine osmolarity and decreased serum osmolarity.
- C. elevated urine osmolarity and decreased serum osmolarity.
- D. decreased urine osmolarity and elevated serum osmolarity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In diabetes insipidus, the pituitary releases too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH) causing the client to produce a large amount of dilute (decreased osmolarity) urine and causing dehydration (elevated serum osmolarity). Choice 3 might be seen in a client with SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH). Choices 1 and 2 generally don't occur- urine and serum osmolarity typically move in opposite directions.
The nurse can best communicate to a client that he or she has been listening by:
- A. restating the main feeling or thought the client has expressed.
- B. making a judgment about the client's problem.
- C. offering a leading question such as, 'And then what happened?'
- D. saying, 'I understand what you're saying.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Restating allows the client to validate the nurse's understanding of what has been communicated. It's an active listening technique. Judgments should be suspended in a nurse-client relationship. Leading questions ask for more information rather than showing understanding. Saying 'I understand' communicates understanding, but the client has no way of measuring the understanding.