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Which of the following laws govern nursing practice?
- A. Statutory laws
- B. Common law
- C. Administrative laws
- D. Constitutional laws
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statutory laws. Nursing practice is primarily governed by statutory laws, which are laws enacted by legislative bodies such as state nursing practice acts. These laws outline the scope of practice, licensure requirements, and standards of care for nurses. Common law, administrative laws, and constitutional laws do not specifically regulate nursing practice. Common law refers to legal precedents established by court decisions, administrative laws pertain to regulations set by administrative agencies, and constitutional laws deal with the fundamental principles outlined in the constitution. Therefore, A is the correct choice as it directly relates to the specific legal framework that governs nursing practice.
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A client experiences difficulty breathing after the change of shift. The nurse on duty discovers that the IVFs were infusing at a rate 10 times the calculated normal. After notifying the physician and correcting the rate, what should be the next step in the client's care?
- A. Notify family
- B. Discipline the previous nurse
- C. Complete an incident report
- D. Obtain legal consultation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Complete an incident report. This is the next step in the client's care because documenting the incident is crucial for quality improvement and patient safety. It helps identify the root cause, prevent future errors, and ensure accountability. Notifying the family (A) may be necessary but not the immediate next step. Disciplining the previous nurse (B) is not appropriate without a thorough investigation. Obtaining legal consultation (D) may be needed later but is not the immediate priority.
Which of the following would a nurse suggest are significant benefits to an organization that is considering adoption of a practice partnership model? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Clients express greater satisfaction.
- B. It is more expensive to implement than other models.
- C. Continuity of care is facilitated.
- D. Leadership is well accepted.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because suggesting that the practice partnership model is more expensive to implement than other models would not be a significant benefit to an organization. A: Clients' greater satisfaction would be a benefit as it could lead to improved outcomes. C: Facilitated continuity of care would also be a benefit by improving coordination and patient experience. D: Leadership being well accepted is also a benefit as it can enhance organizational effectiveness.
Lippitt's phases of change are important factors in the change process. The phase that involves key people in data collection is known as:
- A. Assess the motivation.
- B. Choose a change agent.
- C. Diagnose the problem.
- D. Maintain the change.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diagnose the problem. In Lippitt's phases of change, this phase involves key people in data collection to identify the root cause of the issue. Assessing motivation (A) comes before diagnosing the problem, choosing a change agent (B) is about selecting a person to lead the change effort, and maintaining the change (D) occurs after implementation. Diagnosing the problem is crucial as it sets the foundation for developing effective strategies to address the identified issues.
What is dysfunctional turnover?
- A. Retaining all employees.
- B. Losing employees consistently.
- C. Losing highly skilled employees who are hard to replace.
- D. Hiring new employees.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because dysfunctional turnover refers to the loss of highly skilled employees who are difficult to replace, leading to negative impacts on the organization. Losing such employees can harm productivity, morale, and innovation. Retaining all employees (choice A) is not necessarily dysfunctional, and losing employees consistently (choice B) does not specify the impact on the organization. Hiring new employees (choice D) is not directly related to dysfunctional turnover. In summary, choice C is correct because it specifically addresses the detrimental effects of losing key employees.
Nurse Managers work with staff to educate them about ways to diffuse potentially violent situations. Which of the following diagnoses can staff expect to be more frequently associated with violence?
- A. Alcohol or drug withdrawal
- B. Anxiety
- C. Depression
- D. Confusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alcohol or drug withdrawal. This is because individuals experiencing withdrawal from alcohol or drugs may exhibit aggressive behavior due to physical and psychological effects of withdrawal. This can lead to volatile and potentially violent situations.
Choice B: Anxiety, and choice C: Depression, are less likely to be directly associated with violent behavior compared to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice D: Confusion, while it can lead to misunderstandings or agitation, is not as consistently linked to violent behavior as alcohol or drug withdrawal.
Therefore, staff should be more prepared to manage and diffuse potentially violent situations when dealing with individuals experiencing alcohol or drug withdrawal.