NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions

NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Related

Review NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions related questions and content

Which of the following medications can be used to quickly reduce SOB in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease?

  • A. Oral cortisone
  • B. IV morphine
  • C. IM meperidine (Demerol)
  • D. IV propanolol (Inderal)
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: IV morphine is the most appropriate choice among the options provided for quickly reducing shortness of breath (SOB) in a crisis situation for a patient with end-stage respiratory disease. Morphine is commonly used in palliative care for symptom management in patients with severe respiratory distress. It acts as a respiratory depressant by reducing the perception of breathlessness, which can help alleviate the distressing symptoms of dyspnea. The rapid onset of action of IV morphine makes it an effective option for immediate relief in emergency situations for patients experiencing significant SOB due to end-stage respiratory disease. Oral cortisone, IM meperidine (Demerol), and IV propranolol (Inderal) are not primary choices for quickly reducing SOB in this context.

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A client undergoes a laryngectomy to treat laryngeal cancer. When teaching the client how to care for the neck stoma, the nurse should include which instruction?

  • A. "Keep the stoma uncovered."
  • B. "Keep the stoma dry."
  • C. "Have a family member perform stoma care initially until you get used to the procedure."
  • D. "Keep the stoma moist."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It is important to keep the stoma dry to prevent infection and skin irritation. Excess moisture can lead to skin breakdown around the stoma site, increasing the risk of infection. It is recommended to keep the stoma clean and dry to promote healing and prevent complications.

What is an important consideration regarding TPN administration?

  • A. IV site is kept aseptic while infusing the solution
  • B. Feeding is poured into a pouch and then infused
  • C. Solution is only hung for a maximum of 8 hours at a time New formula is added as needed so the line does not run dry
  • D. Solution is only hung for a maximum of 8 hours at a time h. New formula is added as needed so the line does not run dry
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An important consideration regarding TPN administration is ensuring the intravenous (IV) site is kept aseptic while infusing the solution. This is crucial to prevent the risk of infection, as TPN solutions are highly concentrated and can provide an ideal environment for the growth of microorganisms. Strict aseptic technique must be maintained during the entire process of TPN administration, from preparation to infusion, to minimize the risk of introducing pathogens into the patient's system. Failure to maintain aseptic technique can lead to serious complications such as bloodstream infections, which can be life-threatening for the patient.

The birthweight usually quadruples by the age of

  • A. 1.5 yr
  • B. 2 yr
  • C. 2.5 yr
  • D. 3 yr
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Birthweight typically quadruples by 2 years of age.

Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include:

  • A. avoiding touching abdomen.
  • B. avoiding using a pacifier.
  • C. changing infant's position frequently.
  • D. placing infant where family cannot hear the crying.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include changing the infant's position frequently. Colic is a common condition in infants characterized by prolonged periods of crying and fussiness. Changing the infant's position frequently, such as holding them upright or on their stomach, can help alleviate discomfort and aid in releasing trapped gas, which may contribute to colic symptoms. It is recommended to try different positions to see what works best for the individual baby to provide relief from colic.

It is considered as the bluntly rounded portion of the heart

  • A. Base
  • B. Pericardium
  • C. Aorta
  • D. Apex
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The apex is the bluntly rounded portion of the heart located at the bottom. It is formed by the tip of the left ventricle and points slightly downward and to the left. The apex is essential in detecting the point of maximum intensity of the heartbeat, known as the apical impulse or point of maximal impulse (PMI). This is where the heart beats closest to the chest wall and can be felt or heard during a physical examination. The base of the heart, on the other hand, is the broader superior part of the heart where the major blood vessels enter and exit. The pericardium is the tough sac enclosing the heart, and the aorta is the main artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body.

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