Nokea
Which of the following molecules are considered the most important in biology?
- A. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids
- B. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and calcium
- C. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and sulfur
- D. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and iron
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main types of molecules that are fundamental to biological systems. Carbohydrates provide energy, lipids are essential for cell structure and signaling, proteins carry out diverse functions in cells, and nucleic acids store and transfer genetic information. These molecules are considered the most important in biology due to their critical roles in various biological processes.
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Which vitamin is recognized for its healing antioxidant properties?
- A. Vitamin D
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Vitamin A
- D. Vitamin E
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin A is well-known for its antioxidant properties, essential for healing, maintaining healthy skin and tissues, and supporting the immune system. It plays a vital role in repairing damaged tissues, making it crucial for overall health and facilitating healing processes.
Which statement is an inference related to scientific methodology?
- A. Flowers open in the sun.
- B. Homosapiens use tools.
- C. The skin is yellow.
- D. Nutrients are needed for growth.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Inference: Nutrients are needed for growth implies a scientific methodology (cause and effect relationship).
2. This statement is based on scientific evidence and experimentation.
3. It aligns with the fundamental principles of biology and nutrition.
4. It demonstrates the importance of empirical evidence in scientific research.
Summary:
Choice D is correct as it directly relates to a fundamental aspect of scientific methodology by establishing a causal relationship based on evidence. Choices A, B, and C lack the scientific methodology aspect and do not involve an inference based on empirical evidence.
Which term means a group of similar cells combined to perform a common function?
- A. Tissue
- B. System.
- C. Organism.
- D. Organ.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Using the information provided in question #44, what would be the phenotype if the offspring is Bb?
- A. Black
- B. Black and tan
- C. Tan
- D. Not enough information
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In genetics, when discussing the phenotype of an offspring with a genotype of Bb, the dominant trait 'Black' would be expressed. In this case, the dominant allele 'B' leads to the expression of the black color, overriding the recessive allele 'b,' which would signify tan. Therefore, the correct answer is A, 'Black.' The dominant allele 'B' in the genotype Bb expresses the black color, as it is dominant over the recessive allele 'b.' Hence, the phenotype of the offspring with the genotype Bb would be 'Black.'
What does the mitochondrion produce that causes it to often be called the powerhouse of the cell?
- A. ATP
- B. Enzymes
- C. DNA
- D. Proteins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mitochondrion produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy currency of the cell. This energy production is why mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouse of the cell. ATP generated by mitochondria is essential for various cellular processes, such as muscle contraction, cell division, and macromolecule synthesis, making it a crucial organelle for cell function.