Nokea
Dwight works at a mid-sized regional tech company. He approaches all
tasks with unmatched enthusiasm and leads the company in annual sales. The
top salesman is always the best employee. Therefore, Dwight is the best
employee.
Which of the following most accurately describes how the argument proceeds?
- A. The argument proceeds by stating a conclusion, then providing supporting evidence.
- B. The argument proceeds by stating several facts and drawing a conclusion.
- C. The argument proceeds by offering a premise, then refuting it.
- D. The argument proceeds by making a comparison between two subjects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The argument in the text proceeds by stating a conclusion ('Dwight is the best employee') and then providing supporting evidence ('The top salesman is always the best employee'). This aligns with choice A, where the argument is structured by stating a conclusion first and then offering supporting evidence. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the argument in the text does not simply present facts and draw a conclusion, offer a premise and then refute it, or make a comparison between two subjects.
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The Big Book of Herbs and Herbal Medicine. Part 1: How to Grow Herbs. Chapter 1: Choosing Your Herbs Chapter 2: Planting for Herbs Chapter 3: Caring for Your Herbs. Part II: How to Cook with Herbs Chapter 4:: Herbs in Food Chapter 5: Herbs in Beverages Chapter 6: Herbs on Oils and Vinegars Part III: How to Heal with Herbs Chapter 7: Herbs for Children's Needs Chapter 8: Herbs for Adult Needs Section 8-A: Women's Needs Section 8-B: Men's Needs Chapter 9: Herbs for Immunity Chapter 10: Herbs for Respiratory Conditions Chapter 11: herbs for Digestive Conditions Chapter 12: Herbs for Detox Section 12-A: Circulatory conditions Section 12-B: Musculoskeletal Conditions Section 12-C: Endocrine Conditions Section 12-D: Topical Conditions Part IV: Alphabetical Herb Listing Chapter 13: Herbs, A-I Chapter 14: Herbs, J-O Chapter 15: Herbs P-Z Clothilde is looking for an herbal remedy to combat a recent outbreak of eczema.
In which chapter should she look for more information on herbal remedies to combat eczema?
- A. Chapter 8
- B. Chapter 10
- C. Chapter 11
- D. Chapter 12
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Eczema is a topical condition, so Chapter 12 (section D) would be the most appropriate place to look for information on herbal remedies to combat it. Chapter 8 focuses on herbs for adult needs, and while it may contain some relevant information, it is not specific to topical conditions like eczema. Chapters 10 and 11 cover respiratory and digestive conditions respectively, which are not relevant to treating eczema. Therefore, Chapter 12 is the best choice for Clothilde to find herbal remedies to combat eczema.
They were known as "The Five": a group of Russian musicians who eschewed rigidly formal classical training and set out on their own to give a new artistic sound to classical music in Russia. Mily Balakirev and Cesar Cui are considered the founders of the movement, but the three who later joined them have become far more famous and respected outside, and perhaps even inside, of Russia. Modest Mussorgsky, with his passion for themes of Russian folklore and nationalism, is remembered for the pain piece Pictures and an Exhibition, as well as for the passionate opera Boris Godunov. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, who spend his early years as a naval officer, had a penchant for infusing his works with the sounds of the seas. But, he might be best remembered for the hauntingly beautiful symphonic suite Scheherazade. Alexander Borodin balanced a career as a skilled and highly respected chemist with his interest in classical music. he produced a number of symphonies, as well as the opera Prince Igor. Despite their lack of formal training and their unorthodox approach to producing classical music, The Five had an influence that reached far beyond their time. Composers such as Alexander Glazunov, Sergei Prokofiev, and Igor Stravinsky studied under Rimsky-Korsakov. Additionally, the mid-twentieth century composer Dmitri Shostakovich studied under Glazunov, creating a legacy of musical understanding that persisted well beyond the era of The Five
What type of writing is used in the passage?
- A. narrative
- B. persuasive
- C. expository
- D. technical
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The passage is expository because it presents information about 'The Five' group of Russian musicians and their contributions to classical music. It provides details about the background, works, and influence of each member of the group without telling a story, providing instructions, or attempting to persuade the reader. Choice A (narrative) is incorrect because the passage does not tell a story but rather presents factual information. Choice B (persuasive) is incorrect because the passage does not try to persuade the reader but instead informs about the musicians. Choice D (technical) is incorrect because the passage does not focus on technical details or procedures but rather on historical and musical information.
NOTE: The instructor of a history class has just finished grading the essay exams from his students, and the results are not good. The essay exam was worth 70% of the final course score. The highest score in the class was a low B, and more than half of the class of 65 students failed the exam. In view of this, the instructor reconsiders his grading plan for the semester and sends out an email message to all students.
What is the best summary of the instructor's motive in sending the email to the students?
- A. Expressing concern about students' grades and emphasizing the importance of being worried.
- B. Recognizing the low exam scores and the need to adjust the grading plan to help students improve.
- C. Explaining the purpose of a group project and how it benefits students working together.
- D. Stating the strict grading policy set at the beginning of the semester.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer choice B is the correct summary of the instructor's motive in sending the email to the students. The passage mentions that the instructor acknowledged the low exam scores, including a high failure rate and the need to reconsider the grading plan for the semester. This indicates that the instructor wants to adjust the grading plan to provide students with an opportunity to improve their scores. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on expressing concern rather than on adjusting the grading plan. Choice C is unrelated as it discusses the purpose of a group project. Choice D is also incorrect as it mentions the strict grading policy set at the beginning of the semester, which is not the main focus of the email sent by the instructor.
Which of the statements reflect information that one could reasonably infer based on the author's tone?
- A. The author's tone is persuasive and attempts to call the audience to action.
- B. The author's tone is passionate due to excitement over the subject and personal narrative.
- C. The author's tone is informative and exhibits interest in the subject of the study.
- D. The author's tone is somber, depicting some anger at the state of insect larvae.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement 'The author's tone is persuasive and attempts to call the audience to action' reflects information that one could reasonably infer based on the author's tone. The use of persuasive language and an attempt to call the audience to action suggests that the author is trying to convince or motivate the readers to take a specific course of action. This inference is based on the author's choice of words and the overall tone of the text. Choice B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of excitement and personal narrative, which are not clearly indicated in the author's tone. Choice C is incorrect as although the author may be informative, the focus is on persuasive language rather than merely providing information. Choice D is incorrect as it introduces emotions like anger and somberness, which are not explicitly conveyed in the author's tone.
Smoking tobacco products is terribly destructive. A single cigarette contains
over 4,000 chemicals, including 43 known carcinogens and 400 deadly toxins.
Some of the most dangerous ingredients include tar, carbon monoxide,
formaldehyde, ammonia, arsenic, and DDT. Smoking can cause numerous
types of cancer including throat, mouth, nasal cavity, esophagus, stomach,
pancreas, kidney, bladder, and cervical.
Cigarettes contain a drug called nicotine, one of the most addictive substances
known to man. Addiction is defined as a compulsion to seek the substance
despite negative consequences. According to the National Institute of Drug
Abuse, nearly 35 million smokers expressed a desire to quit smoking in 2015;
however, more than 85 percent of those addicts will not achieve their goal.
Almost all smokers regret picking up that first cigarette. You would be wise to
learn from their mistake if you have not yet started smoking.
According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 16 million
people in the United States presently suffer from a smoking-related condition
and nearly nine million suffer from a serious smoking-related illness.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), tobacco
products cause nearly six million deaths per year. This number is projected to
rise to over eight million deaths by 2030. Smokers, on average, die ten years
earlier than their nonsmoking peers.
In the United States, local, state, and federal governments typically tax
tobacco products, which leads to high prices. Nicotine addicts sometimes pay
more for a pack of cigarettes than for a few gallons of gas. Additionally,
smokers tend to stink. The smell of smoke is all-consuming and creates a
pervasive nastiness. Smokers also risk staining their teeth and fingers with
yellow residue from the tar.
Which of the following represents an opinion statement on the part of the author?
- A. According to the CDC, tobacco products cause nearly six million deaths per year.
- B. Nicotine addicts sometimes pay more for a pack of cigarettes than gas.
- C. They risk staining their teeth and fingers with tar.
- D. Smokers tend to stink and create pervasive nastiness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The statement 'Smokers tend to stink and create pervasive nastiness' is an opinion since it reflects the author's subjective view on the hygiene and social impact of smoking. The other choices, A, B, and C, are all factual statements based on research or observations without expressing a personal viewpoint. Choice A presents a statistic from the CDC, choice B discusses a comparison related to the cost of cigarettes, and choice C describes a potential consequence of smoking without inserting personal judgment.