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Which of the following names may be assigned to a drug during the process of development? Select all that apply.
- A. Chemical name
- B. Official name
- C. Pharmacologic name
- D. Trade name
- E. Nonproprietary name
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Throughout the process of development, drugs may have several names assigned to them including a chemical name, a generic (nonproprietary) name, an official name, and a trade or brand name.
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Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)? Select all that apply.
- A. The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
- B. The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
- C. The act permits general health claims.
- D. The act permits curative health claims.
- E. The act defines specific substances as 'dietary supplements.'
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other natural substances as 'dietary supplements' and permits general health claims as long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
A nurse is assessing a pregnant client and learns that the client is addicted to cocaine. The nurse informs the client about the risks of cocaine addiction for her fetus. Which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. The child may be born with diabetes.
- B. The child may be born with hypertension.
- C. The child may be born with an addiction to drugs.
- D. The child may be born with CNS defects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse informs the client that children born to mothers using addictive drugs are often born with an addiction to the drug. Children born to mothers who are addicted to cocaine are not known to be born with diabetes, CNS defects, or hypertension.
A nurse is assessing a client after administering a prescribed medication. Which of the following would alert the nurse to suspect that the client is developing anaphylactic shock? Select all that apply.
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Dyspnea
- D. Urticaria
- E. Angioedema
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The symptoms of anaphylactic shock are dyspnea, feeling of fullness in the throat, cough, wheezing, extremely low blood pressure, tachycardia (heart rate =100 bpm), palpitations, syncope, cardiac arrest, urticaria, angioedema, pruritus, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as the site for the metabolism of most drugs?
- A. Liver
- B. Lungs
- C. Kidneys
- D. Intestinal mucosa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although the kidneys, lungs, plasma, and intestinal mucosa may aid in the metabolism of drugs, most drugs are metabolized by the liver.
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is prescribed an oral medication. As part of the plan, the nurse expects to describe the importance of absorption. The nurse would integrate knowledge of which of the following as a mechanism for absorption in the gastrointestinal tract? Select all that apply.
- A. Active transport
- B. Transposition
- C. Passive transport
- D. Endocytosis
- E. Pinocytosis
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: During absorption, the drug particles in the GI tract are moved into the body fluids via active transport, passive transport, and pinocytosis.