Nokea
Which of the following parts of the alimentary canal bears villi?
- A. Stomach.
- B. Ileum.
- C. Oesophagus.
- D. Rectum.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ileum, part of the small intestine, contains villi that increase the surface area for nutrient absorption.
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The nurse is caring for a client who is returning from the operating room following a cholecystectomy, or removal of the gallbladder. The nurse knows that the function of the gallbladder is to:
- A. Manufacture bile
- B. Concentrate bile
- C. Remove toxins from the blood
- D. Make albumin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The gallbladder concentrates and stores bile produced by the liver.
Where are the baroreceptors (measure blood pressure)?
- A. Lungs
- B. Heart muscle
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Aortic arch
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Baroreceptors in the aortic arch and carotid sinus detect blood pressure changes.
Peristalsis moves food material:
- A. in the stomach and small intestine only
- B. in the small and large intestines only
- C. in the stomach and small and large intestines only
- D. from the pharynx to the anal canal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peristalsis is a wave-like muscle contraction that moves food material through the entire gastrointestinal tract.
About esophagus, all are true EXCEPT:
- A. Lined by st sq epith
- B. Glands are present mainly in submucosa
- C. Muscularis externa are formed entirely of smooth muscles.
- D. Muscularis mucosa is well developed in the lower half
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The muscularis externa of the esophagus transitions from skeletal muscle (upper third) to smooth muscle (lower third), not entirely smooth muscle.
Which of the following is not a function of liver :-
- A. Deamination
- B. Bile storage
- C. Synthesis of plasma protein
- D. Storage of fat soluble vitamin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bile storage is a function of the gallbladder, not the liver, which produces bile.