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Dear Aunt Suzanne,
I have a few minutes before I get on the bus to Galway back to Dublin and wanted to tell you how my trip to Ireland is going. We just spent two days in Inis Mor, the largest of the Aran Islands, which are just off the central west coast of Ireland. We tool a ferry from Galway, a ride that takes about an hour and was quite gray and stormy.
For an Island that is only about 12 square miles, there is a lot to do and see on Inis Mor! After eating stew and vegetable soup and brown bread with butter, we went to the seater market, where all kinds of woolen products are sold. The Aran Islands are known for their wool because sheep thrive here and generations have used woolen sweaters and hats to survive long cold days of fishing on the open sea. In fact, I learnt that each family or clan has its own signature knitting pattern and some are able to tell which family someone belongs to by the pattern of their sweater! The Healy pattern is an interesting combination of twists and braids, and I found you a birthday souvenir with a beautiful example.
The next day, we rented bicycles and toured the island. We saw ancient ruins, a prehistoric hill fort, and a white sand beach. We also climbed down to a mysterious rock formation known as “The Worm Hole,” a rectangular hole in a stone shore that fills with thrashing waves and looks like it houses a terrible serpent (see attached photo). The Worm Hole was difficult to find, and when we stopped someone for directions, she only spoke Gaelic. Sometimes this island seems stuck in an earlier time.
I’m excited to see you when I get home. I have lots more pictures to share!

Love, Eva

Which of the following sentences accurately summarizes the passage?

  • A. On a personal trip to Ireland, Eva spent time in the Aran Islands, learning about the culture and visiting significant landmarks.
  • B. In an email to her aunt, Eva describes touring Ireland and the extravagant purchases she made there.
  • C. In an email to her aunt, Eva reports on the Aran Islands' strong agricultural community and long-standing traditions.
  • D. During her personal trip abroad, Eva aims to see as much as possible in a short time and gather souvenirs for everyone she knows.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately summarizes Eva's personal trip to Ireland, specifically her time spent in the Aran Islands. The passage describes Eva's experiences on the island, such as visiting landmarks, learning about the culture, and purchasing a souvenir for her aunt. Option B is incorrect because Eva does not brag about extravagant purchases but rather mentions buying a souvenir for her aunt. Option C is incorrect as the focus is on Eva's experiences and not the island's agricultural community. Option D is incorrect as it implies Eva's primary focus is on gathering souvenirs for everyone, which is not the main theme of the passage.

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What is all this talk of cicadas lately in the United States? You may be wondering why the media has featured it, but in fact, the discussion about Cicadas has emerged about as predictably as the Cicadas themselves from their underground refuge. Let’s get oriented with some background on Cicadas.What is a Cicada? A typical definition will at least tell you that a cicada is a large, loud insect with transparent wings, mostly found in warm countries. A more detailed response might also inform you that cicadas have short antennae and wide-set eyes that jut out, with delicate, translucent wings- and not only is the cicada loud, but few creatures make a louder sound. In fact, it is male cicadas that are the noisy ones, to the tune of 80 to 100 decibels, which is like the roar od a loud engine. This is because male cicadas make a strident high buzzing by vibrating two membranes on its abdomen called tymbals, effectively turning its body into a kind of echo chamber or drum. Female cicadas cannot replicate the buzzing, though they respond with a clicking sound when they are ready to mate.Although there are several species of cicada, mating typically takes place in trees whereafter the female deposits the eggs into the bark. When the eggs hatch, the larval cicadas, called nymphs, drop to the ground and burrow. They then live as nymphs for the most of their lives over 6 feet underground, with both male and female cicadas dying within weeks of their emergence from the soil. This is particularly true for north American cicadas, especially the Magicicada, or periodical cicadas, which regularly emerge in intervals of 13 or 17 years, depending on the species and the location. This is why talk of cicadas in the media is as predictable as their emergence in the U.S.

Which of the following statements from the passage offers evidence that female cicadas do not have tymbals attached to their abdomen?

  • A. "The female deposits the eggs into the bark."
  • B. "Female cicadas cannot replicate the buzzing…"
  • C. "The cicada is a large, loud insect…"
  • D. "The male cicada makes a strident, high buzzing by vibrating two membranes on its abdomen called tymbals…"
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The statement "Female cicadas cannot replicate the buzzing…" provides direct evidence that female cicadas do not possess tymbals, as it implies they lack the anatomical feature necessary for producing the buzzing sound that male cicadas make. The other options do not specifically address the presence or absence of tymbals in female cicadas. The buzzing sound produced by male cicadas is due to vibrating two membranes on their abdomen called tymbals, a feature not present in female cicadas. Therefore, the inability of female cicadas to replicate this buzzing sound serves as evidence that they do not have tymbals attached to their abdomen.

For thousands of years, several characteristics have been consistent across human societies around the world. Animal husbandry, agriculture, and artistic expression are some of the similarities all societies share. Another similarity is the mustache. So now I mustache a question: why have mustaches had such a notable presence in human history? Humans have been shaving for as long as there has been facial hair to shave. However, it is in the past several centuries that mustaches have undergone a more creative transformation. Now, there are many different types of mustaches. The Handlebar, Pencil, and Walrus are only a few of the many types known today. With just a sharpened razor and some mustache wax, the creativity of people and their mustaches can be endless. Though the popularity of the mustache in different cultures varies over time, it has certainly influenced other creations. In the 1800s and early 1900s, mustaches were so popular that a new style of drinking cup, the mustache cup, was created. The mustache cup had a built-in covering over the top so mustaches would not be touched by the beverage. A more recent example of the mark of mustaches can be seen by the first World Mustache Tournament in 2013. The mustache truly is part of the human experience. Due to its place in the human experience, the mustache is a symbol with varied significance: power, prestige, beauty. When one thinks of mustaches, one may think of a villain from silent films, twisting the ends of his mustache. One may also think of a respected leader with a mustache of prominence. Perhaps one may think of people with famous mustaches: Tom Selleck, Burt Reynolds, and Charlie Chaplin, to name a few. No matter what one pictures when thinking of mustaches, it is clear that the mustache has a substantial effect on human perception.

For what reason did the author include information about the World Mustache Tournament?

  • A. To emphasize the prestige associated with mustaches
  • B. To encourage readers to participate in the tournament
  • C. To highlight the competitive nature of people with mustaches
  • D. To demonstrate that mustaches remain popular in modern times
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The author included information about the World Mustache Tournament to showcase that mustaches maintain relevance and popularity in contemporary times. By referencing this event, the passage indicates that mustaches continue to be celebrated and have a significant presence in modern culture. This serves to highlight the enduring appeal and influence of mustaches on society, contradicting any notion that they are outdated or no longer relevant. The World Mustache Tournament is used as an example to demonstrate the ongoing interest and significance of mustaches, supporting the idea that they have not lost their popularity over time.

The athlete enjoyed the accolades of her teammates when she scored the winning goal.

Which of the following words is the best synonym for the word 'accolades' in the sentence above?

  • A. Gratitude
  • B. Songs
  • C. Praises
  • D. Help
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context provided, 'accolades' refers to praises or recognition. Therefore, 'praises' is the most appropriate synonym for 'accolades' in this sentence. The athlete received acknowledgment and admiration from her teammates for scoring the winning goal, which aligns with the meaning of 'accolades.' 'Gratitude' implies thankfulness, 'songs' are musical compositions, and 'help' denotes assistance, none of which capture the essence of 'accolades' as recognition or admiration in this context.

Tommy pulled off his boots, carefully using the brush he kept on the porch to clean the mud off of them. When he came inside, he followed his daily ritual of climbing the stairs to the laundry room and carefully removing his coveralls. As he did every day, he changed into the clean white T- shirt and lounge pants that he'd left sitting next to the washing machine.

Based on the passage, which of the following words describes Tommy?

  • A. Considerate
  • B. Slow
  • C. Idle
  • D. Meticulous
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Meticulous.' In the passage, Tommy displays a high level of care and precision in his actions, such as using a brush to clean the mud off his boots and consistently changing into clean clothes daily. These details illustrate his meticulous nature, which means being very careful and precise in one's actions, paying great attention to detail. Therefore, 'Meticulous' best describes Tommy's behavior as portrayed in the passage.

BUTTERBEAN FOR MAYOR
Butterbean wants to be YOUR new mayor. Is there an election coming? No. Can dogs even be mayors? Unclear. But consider what Butterbean has to offer:
• FRIENDS WITH EVERYONE
Big dogs. Small dogs. In-between dogs. All the people. If you go for walks, you've met Butterbean and she loves you.
• JUST A REGULAR DOG
Butterbean is a regular dog for regular folks. She's not a fancy breed, just a dog. Sure, maybe she eats more socks than her vet recommends, but nobody's perfect.
• .HATES RATS
You hate rats. Butterbean hates rats, too. She will not rest until they have all been chased from our streets. By her, personally.
Can Butterbean count on YOUR vote? Or at least a treat?

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the passage?

  • A. To argue that dogs can hold political office
  • B. To inform the audience about the benefits of owning a rescue dog
  • C. To entertain people with the idea that a dog could hold political office
  • D. To instruct the audience on how to vote for Butterbean at the polls
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The passage about Butterbean is not advocating for dogs to hold political office (Choice A), nor is it specifically focusing on the benefits of owning a rescue dog (Choice B). It is primarily meant to entertain the audience by presenting the amusing idea of a dog running for mayor, as there is no real election, making Choice C the correct answer. The passage highlights humorous qualities of Butterbean such as being friends with everyone, a regular dog, and her hatred for rats, all in a light-hearted and entertaining manner, suggesting that it is meant for amusement rather than serious political consideration.

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