Nokea
Which of the following should a nurse instruct a client with lupus erythematosus to use before performing ROM exercises?
- A. Prescribed analgesics
- B. Cold packs
- C. Moist heat
- D. Braces or splints
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Moist heat relaxes muscles, making ROM exercises easier.
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The presence of ataxia suggests damage to any of the following EXCEPT:
- A. cerebellar
- B. thalamus
- C. vestibular nucleus
- D. vagal nerve
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vagal nerve is the correct answer because ataxia, which is a lack of coordination, is typically associated with damage to the cerebellum, thalamus, or vestibular system. The vagal nerve, however, is primarily involved in autonomic functions and does not play a direct role in motor coordination.
Following a knee arthroplasty, a patient has a continuous passive motion machine for the affected joint. The nurse explains to the patient that this device is used for what purpose?
- A. To relieve edema and pain at the incision site
- B. To promote early joint mobility and increase knee flexion
- C. To prevent venous stasis and the formation of a deep venous thrombosis
- D. To improve arterial circulation to the affected extremity to promote healing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Continuous passive motion enhances joint mobility.
Mr. Singer has been placed on a regimen of bed rest and is scheduled for a hip replacement because of severe rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following would be most important to include in the nursing care plan preoperatively?
- A. Adequate periods of rest
- B. Active and passive range-of-motion exercises
- C. Maintenance of adequate fluid and food
- D. Frequent turning and repositioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Range-of-motion exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness.
An older female client experiences a musculoskeletal injury to her hip. Which of the following methods would help a nurse identify any swelling in the client?
- A. Asking questions of the client to assess the severity of pain
- B. Palpating the muscles and joints
- C. Asking the client to move the injured area as much as possible
- D. Observing the client for any involuntary movements
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Palpation is a direct method to assess swelling and other physical changes.
What is the term for a loss of voluntary movement?
- A. akinesia
- B. aneurysm
- C. paraplegia
- D. epilepsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Akinesia refers to the inability to initiate voluntary movement, often seen in neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease. It is distinct from paralysis, as it involves a lack of movement initiation rather than a loss of muscle function.