Which of the following statements about race and culture in the United States is correct?
- A. The United States ranks 22nd in the world for infant mortality rate.
- B. Ethnic minority populations have higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.
- C. Black infants are more likely to have cleft palates than Native American infants.
- D. Whites have more fraternal twin pregnancies than non-Whites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnic minorities, particularly Black populations, face higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.
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Which of the following behaviors is most reflective of a teenager?
- A. Riding an ATV without a helmet
- B. Not skiing for fear of falling and getting hurt
- C. Obeying a new parental rule without a challenge
- D. Walking away from a group of friends who are smoking cigarettes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teenagers are known for risk-taking behaviors like riding an ATV without safety gear.
A 5-year-old is consuming a daily caloric intake of 1400 calories. Approximately what portion of the diet should be comprised of carbohydrates?
- A. 300 calories
- B. 700 calories
- C. 900 calories
- D. 1200 calories
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Carbohydrates should comprise about half of a preschooler's diet.
A nurse is educating a group of community members about how hypertension screening is effective in reducing the rate of cardiovascular disease, thus reducing the expenses that are spent on management of this disease. Which of the following ratios is being described?
- A. Cost-disease analysis
- B. Cost-efficiency analysis
- C. Cost-benefit ratio analysis
- D. Cost-effectiveness analysis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cost-benefit analysis compares the costs of a screening program to the benefits in terms of reduced long-term healthcare costs.
A nurse is interviewing members of a substance abuse unit at a local Veterans Administration (VA) hospital. Which of the following parts of a community is the nurse assessing?
- A. Structure of a community
- B. Subsystem of a community
- C. Supra system of a community
- D. Interaction of a community
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The substance abuse unit is a subsystem within the larger community (the VA hospital and its network).
Which of the following is a hallmark of Piaget’s preconceptual substage?
- A. Using language to function symbolically
- B. Using concrete thought processes
- C. Using mental abstracting
- D. Using transductive reasoning
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Piaget's preconceptual substage is characterized by the use of language to function symbolically.
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