Nokea
Which of the following statements about the use of defense mechanisms in persons with anxiety disorders are accurate? Select all that apply.
- A. Defense mechanisms are a human's attempt to reduce anxiety.
- B. Persons are usually aware when they are using defense mechanisms.
- C. Defense mechanisms can be harmful when overused.
- D. Defense mechanisms are cognitive distortions.
- E. The use of defense mechanisms should be avoided.
- F. Defense mechanisms can control the awareness of anxiety.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Defense mechanisms are unconscious cognitive distortions used to reduce anxiety, but overuse can hinder emotional growth and problem-solving.
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Which of the following are cognitive/behavioral therapy techniques that may be used effectively with anxious clients? Select all that apply.
- A. Positive reframing
- B. Decatastrophizing
- C. Assertiveness training
- D. Humor
- E. Unlearning
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Positive reframing, decatastrophizing, assertiveness training, and unlearning are cognitive/behavioral techniques; humor is not.
The student nurse correctly identifies that which one of the following statements applies to the parasympathetic nervous system?
- A. It is activated during the alarm reaction stage.
- B. It is activated during the resistance stage.
- C. It is activated during the exhaustion stage.
- D. It is commonly referred to as the fight, flight, or freeze response.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parasympathetic nervous system is activated in the resistance stage to restore normal body function after the sympathetic activation in the alarm stage.
The nurse knows that which of the following are stages in Selye's general adaptation syndrome? Select all that apply.
- A. Alarm reaction stage
- B. Resistance stage
- C. Coping stage
- D. Exhaustion stage
- E. Panic stage
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Selye's general adaptation syndrome includes the alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion stages, but not coping or panic stages.
A client who suffers from frequent panic attacks describes the attack as feeling disconnected from himself. The nurse notes in the client's chart that the client reports experiencing.
- A. hallucinations.
- B. depersonalization.
- C. derealization.
- D. denial.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feeling disconnected from oneself during a panic attack is depersonalization, a common symptom of panic.
Which of the following are reasons that the nurse must understand why and how anxiety behaviors work? Select all that apply.
- A. To provide better care for the client
- B. To help understand the role anxiety plays in performing nursing responsibilities
- C. To help the nurse to mask his or her own feelings of anxiety
- D. So the nurse can identify that his or her own needs are more important than the clients
- E. To help nurses to function at a high level
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Understanding anxiety improves client care, informs nursing responsibilities, and supports high-level functioning, without prioritizing the nurse's needs.