Nokea
Which of the following statements by the nurse would be most appropriate to a colleague who very quietly and numbly tells the nurse that she had arrived at the scene of an automobile/pedestrian accident and unsuccessfully performed CPR on a victim 3 days ago? The nurse and her colleague are sitting in the break room and no one else is present.
- A. Tell me what you saw.
- B. That is horrible!
- C. Why did you perform CPR?
- D. I know how you feel. The same thing happened to me several years ago and I never recovered.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging the colleague to describe the event facilitates processing the trauma, reducing the risk of pathological responses, unlike judgmental or unsupportive statements.
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Which of the following interventions would be most effective for friends and family members to implement in order to boost the self-esteem of a person who has just experienced trauma or abuse?
- A. To identify a list of support people or activities in the community
- B. To remind them to calm down when they appear to be experiencing a flashback
- C. To encourage them to tell their story repeatedly to everyone they meet
- D. To help them to refocus their view of themselves from being victims to being survivors
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reframing the person as a survivor rather than a victim fosters empowerment and boosts self-esteem, unlike social support lists or unhelpful flashback interventions.
A man is discovered wandering the street, looking confused and stepping out into traffic. When emergency responders approach the man, he cannot recall his name or where he lives. The responders transport the man to the mental health crisis unit for further evaluation. Which of the following are the man most likely suffering from?
- A. Depersonalization disorder
- B. Dissociative identity disorder
- C. Repressed memories
- D. Dissociative amnesia
- E. False memory syndrome
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The man's symptoms suggest dissociative amnesia (memory loss), depersonalization disorder (detachment), or dissociative identity disorder (alternate identities), but not repressed or false memories.
Which of the following would the nurse know are the major elements of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
- A. Trying to avoid any places or people or situations that may trigger memories of the trauma
- B. Reexperiencing the trauma through dreams or recurrent and intrusive thoughts
- C. Becoming increasingly more isolated
- D. Emotional numbing such as feeling detached from others
- E. Being on guard, irritable, or experiencing hyperarousal
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The major elements of PTSD are reexperiencing trauma (dreams/intrusive thoughts), emotional numbing (detachment), and hyperarousal (irritability), with avoidance and isolation as secondary features.
Three years after the death of her father in an ICU, the infection prevention nurse was visiting an ICU in a different hospital to complete a chart review. At one point, the nurse looked at a bed where the patient who had the same diagnosis as her father had and saw her father's facial features on the patient and had a sense of panic. In a few moments, the nurse realized that the patient in the bed was not her father. Which of these manifestations of PTSD was this nurse experiencing?
- A. A flashback
- B. Emotional numbing
- C. Hyperarousal
- D. A dream
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse experienced a flashback, reliving the trauma by perceiving her father's features, triggered by a similar ICU setting, distinct from numbing, hyperarousal, or dreaming.
A fireman survived a fire after escaping a blaze. Several other firefighters were trapped in the burning building and died. After working with this firefighter in counseling, the nurse evaluates which of the following as positive outcomes for this client?
- A. The client will verbalize feelings of stress related to returning to work.
- B. The client will express guilt openly through nondestructive means.
- C. The client will identify a social support system within the community.
- D. The client will report nightmares and flashbacks of the fire.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Positive outcomes include verbalizing stress, expressing guilt nondestructively, and establishing social support, while ongoing nightmares and flashbacks indicate unresolved PTSD.