Nokea
Which of the following statements is false about dendritic cells
- A. Found in tissues
- B. Are sessile cells only found in lymph nodes
- C. Express high levels of MHC molecules
- D. Best at activating naïve T cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because dendritic cells are not only found in lymph nodes but also in tissues. These cells are antigen-presenting cells that capture and present antigens to T cells. A, C, and D are true statements about dendritic cells: A) They are found in tissues, C) They express high levels of MHC molecules for antigen presentation, and D) They are best at activating naive T cells due to their ability to prime adaptive immune responses.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which type of hypersensitivity reaction occurs with rheumatoid arthritis and acute glomerulonephritis?
- A. Type I or IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction
- B. Type II or cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction
- C. Type III or immune-complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction
- D. Type IV or delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type III hypersensitivity involves immune complexes depositing in tissues, leading to inflammation, as seen in rheumatoid arthritis and acute glomerulonephritis.
What is the primary advantage of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)?
- A. They are highly specific to individual pathogens
- B. They recognize common molecular patterns shared by groups of microbes
- C. They activate B cell antibody production
- D. They require antigen presentation to function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize common molecular patterns shared by groups of microbes, allowing for rapid detection of a wide range of pathogens. This recognition triggers immune responses without the need for prior exposure to the specific pathogen. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: TLRs are not highly specific to individual pathogens but rather recognize common patterns.
C: TLRs do not directly activate B cell antibody production; they initiate immune responses by activating various immune cells.
D: TLRs do not require antigen presentation to function; they directly recognize microbial patterns.
A confirmatory lab test for HIV includes:
- A. Western blot.
- B. Low WBC.
- C. Comprehensive metabolic panel.
- D. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Western blot test is considered the gold standard for confirming HIV infection after initial screening tests like ELISA. Low WBC and comprehensive metabolic panels are not specific to HIV diagnosis.
When the patient asks about the late effects of chemotherapy and high-dose radiation, what areas of teaching should the nurse plan to include when describing these effects?
- A. Third space syndrome
- B. Secondary malignancies
- C. Chronic nausea and vomiting
- D. Persistent myelosuppression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Late effects of chemotherapy and radiation include secondary malignancies due to long-term cellular damage.
Which of the following correctly explains an epitope?
- A. Region of antibody that binds with antigen
- B. Region of antigen that elicit secretion of specific antibody
- C. Heavy chain of an antibody
- D. V-region of the light chain of antibody
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Explanation:
An epitope is a specific region on an antigen that elicits the immune response and triggers the production of a specific antibody. Therefore, choice B is correct as it accurately defines an epitope. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe what an epitope is. Choice A refers to the paratope, the region of the antibody that binds to the epitope. Choice C refers to a component of the antibody structure, and choice D refers to a specific region of the antibody structure.