Which of the following statements most effectively revises this introduction about Mary Shelley: Mary Shelley conceived of Dr. Frankenstein and the hideous monster he created, which helped the English novelist to make an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture?
- A. English novelist Mary Shelley had an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture when she conceived of Dr. Frankenstein and the hideous monster he created.
- B. Dr. Frankenstein created a hideous monster, and they were conceived by English novelist Mary Shelley, who had an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture.
- C. English novelist Mary Shelley conceived of Dr. Frankenstein and the hideous monster he created and had an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture.
- D. Novelist Mary Shelley from England had an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture when she conceived of Dr. Frankenstein and the hideous monster he created.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A most effectively revises the introduction by clearly stating that English novelist Mary Shelley had an immeasurable impact on literature and popular culture through her conception of Dr. Frankenstein and the hideous monster he created. It maintains the original idea while improving clarity and coherence. Option B introduces confusion by implying that Dr. Frankenstein created the hideous monster when it was actually Mary Shelley who conceived both characters. Option C lacks the necessary conjunctions to make the sentence flow smoothly. Option D unnecessarily specifies the country of origin for Mary Shelley and does not maintain the focus on her impact on literature and popular culture.
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In the sentence "Bess, who can draw beautifully, loves art; but Grace, who thinks very logically, prefers science," what type of sentence structure is being used?
- A. Compound-complex
- B. Compound
- C. Complex
- D. Simple
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, complex. This sentence contains an independent clause ('Bess loves art') and a dependent clause ('who can draw beautifully'). The dependent clause relies on the independent clause for context and cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. The connection between the clauses is established by the relative pronoun 'who.' Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. It is not a compound-complex sentence as it lacks multiple independent clauses and a dependent clause, respectively. It is not a compound sentence since it does not have two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. Lastly, it is not a simple sentence because it contains both an independent and a dependent clause, making it more complex than a simple sentence.
The connection caused an insatiable curiosity within Helen. What does the word 'engendered' mean as used in this sentence?
- A. Caused to exist
- B. Made sense of
- C. Connected
- D. Satisfied
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The word 'engendered' in this context means to cause something to come into existence or to bring about. In the sentence, it indicates that the connection sparked an insatiable curiosity within Helen, suggesting that it created or triggered this strong curiosity in her. Choice B, 'Made sense of,' is incorrect as 'engendered' does not imply making sense of something. Choice C, 'Connected,' is incorrect as 'engendered' goes beyond just establishing a connection, it means to cause or produce. Choice D, 'Satisfied,' is incorrect as 'engendered' does not mean satisfied, but rather initiating or creating something.
The term anaesthetic refers to medication that causes a temporary loss of feeling or sensation. Based on the meaning of the word in medical usage, what is the most likely meaning of the prefix an-?
- A. without
- B. against
- C. away
- D. before
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In medical terminology, the prefix 'an-' is commonly used to indicate 'without' or 'lack of.' In the word 'anaesthetic,' the prefix 'an-' combined with 'aesthetic' signifies the absence of sensation or feeling. Therefore, based on its meaning in medical usage, the most likely meaning of the prefix 'an-' is 'without.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect: 'against,' 'away,' and 'before' do not align with the prefix 'an-' as used in medical terms.
Based on the sentence contexts, which is true about the word bark?
- A. It is impossible to tell its meaning because its spelling and pronunciation are the same in both.
- B. The references to the dog in the first sentence and to the tree in the second define its meaning.
- C. "Bark" refers to a sound in the second sentence, and it refers to a plant covering in the first sentence.
- D. The meaning of this word is different in each sentence, but in one of them it is spelled wrong.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The word "bark" is used in two different contexts in the sentences provided. In the first sentence, "bark" refers to the covering of a tree, while in the second sentence, it refers to a sound made by a dog. Therefore, option C correctly states that "bark" has different meanings in each sentence - plant covering in the first sentence and a sound in the second. Option A is incorrect because the meanings are clear from the context. Option B is incorrect as the meaning is not defined by the references to the dog or the tree but by the context of the sentences. Option D is incorrect because there is no misspelling of the word in either sentence.
The mechanic used a computer to perform the diagnostic tests. Which of the following sentences most clearly and concisely conveys the same meaning?
- A. While performing diagnostic tests on the car, the mechanic used a computer.
- B. Although the mechanic used a computer, he performed diagnostic tests on the car.
- C. Because he used a computer, the mechanic performed diagnostic tests on the car.
- D. The mechanic used a computer to perform diagnostic tests on the car.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D correctly conveys that the mechanic used a computer to perform diagnostic tests on the car. It is concise and clear, effectively communicating the main point without unnecessary details. Choices A, B, and C include unnecessary repetition or do not convey the information as clearly as choice D. For instance, choice A adds unnecessary repetition by mentioning 'performing diagnostic tests' twice, while choices B and C introduce additional clauses that make the sentence less concise and direct.