Nokea
Which of the following structures is a common passageway for both food and air?
- A. Nasopharynx
- B. Oropharynx
- C. Esophagus
- D. Trachea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The oropharynx serves as a common pathway for food (to the esophagus) and air (to the laryngopharynx and trachea), unlike the other options.
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How should the student explain the normal function of the pancreas in the process of digestion?
- A. Produces enzymes for digestion
- B. Stores bile
- C. Secretes gastrin
- D. Absorbs nutrients
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes (e.g., trypsin, amylase) for breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
Large, insoluble molecules have to be digested before they can be
- A. absorbed.
- B. assimilated.
- C. egested.
- D. ingested.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Large molecules must be broken down into smaller, soluble units before they can be absorbed across the intestinal lining.
Which of the following enzymes formed in the pancreas aids in protein digestion?
- A. Amylase
- B. Lipase
- C. Trypsinogen
- D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Trypsin, activated from trypsinogen, is a pancreatic enzyme that digests proteins.
Pancreatic acinar cells, the following is true except:
- A. Contain basal basophilic striations
- B. Have receptors for cholecystokinin (secreted by enteroendocrine cells in intestine)
- C. Have receptors for cholecystokinin acetyl choline (for autonomic control)
- D. Secrete pepsinogen enzyme for protein digestion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pancreatic acinar cells secrete digestive enzymes like amylase and lipase, not pepsinogen, which is from gastric chief cells.
Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted in
- A. Pyloric region
- B. Ileum
- C. Duodenum
- D. Oesophagus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secretin and cholecystokinin are secreted in the duodenum to regulate pancreatic and gallbladder activity.