Nokea
Which of the following structures is an exocrine gland?
- A. Parotid gland
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Parathyroid gland
- D. Pineal gland
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An exocrine gland secretes substances into ducts that lead to other organs or out of the body. The parotid gland is a salivary gland that secretes saliva into the mouth through ducts, making it an exocrine gland. The pituitary gland, parathyroid gland, and pineal gland are endocrine glands, which release hormones directly into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is the Parotid gland, as it fits the definition of an exocrine gland by secreting substances through ducts.
You may also like to solve these questions
Through which of the following transport mechanisms do water molecules enter cells?
- A. Facilitated diffusion
- B. Electrochemical gradients
- C. Gated channels
- D. Proton pumps
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Water molecules enter cells through facilitated diffusion. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules across a cell membrane with the help of specific transport proteins. In the case of water, it moves through specialized channels called aquaporins using this mechanism, allowing it to cross the membrane more efficiently than by simple diffusion. While electrochemical gradients, gated channels, and proton pumps play roles in transporting other substances and ions, they are not directly involved in the transport of water molecules into cells.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the substance exists as which of the following?
- A. As a gel with solid and liquid trapped in gas
- B. Simultaneously in sol, gel, and plasma phases
- C. Simultaneously in solid, liquid, and gas phases
- D. As a sol with gas and solid trapped in liquid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The triple point is a specific condition where a substance can exist simultaneously in all three phases: solid, liquid, and gas. The other options do not accurately describe this state.
The breakdown of lactose in the small intestine is mediated by the enzyme lactase, and the products are galactose and glucose. Galactose and glucose are which of the following?
- A. Disaccharides
- B. Oligosaccharides
- C. Polysaccharides
- D. Monosaccharides
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Galactose and glucose are both simple sugars consisting of single sugar units. Therefore, they are classified as monosaccharides. This makes option D the correct answer.
What is the term given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?
- A. Gene
- B. Locus
- C. Promoter
- D. Operator
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gene. A gene is the term used to describe the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information necessary to synthesize a specific protein molecule. Genes act as the fundamental units of heredity and provide the instructions for building proteins, which play crucial roles in various biological processes within an organism. In contrast, a locus refers to the specific position or location of a gene on a chromosome. Promoter is a regulatory region of DNA that initiates the transcription process for a particular gene, while an operator is a DNA segment that interacts with a repressor protein to modulate the expression of neighboring genes.
Which of the following is a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones?
- A. Apocrine glands
- B. Seminiferous tubules
- C. Dermal papilla
- D. Fossa ovalis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Apocrine glands (Choice A). Apocrine glands are a component of the integumentary system that secretes pheromones. These glands are responsible for producing a type of sweat that contains pheromones, which are chemical signals used for communication between individuals of the same species. Seminiferous tubules (Choice B) are part of the male reproductive system, responsible for producing sperm. Dermal papilla (Choice C) is involved in hair growth and nourishment. Fossa ovalis (Choice D) is a depression in the interatrial septum of the heart. Therefore, the correct choice related to the integumentary system and pheromone secretion is Apocrine glands.