Nokea
Which of the following structures is not in the urogenital triangle of the perineum?
- A. Anus
- B. Labia
- C. Vaginal orifice
- D. Urinary opening
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The anus is not located in the urogenital triangle of the perineum.
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The vaccination that should be routinely administered to all newborns within 24 hours of birth is
- A. hepatitis A.
- B. hepatitis B.
- C. rotavirus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended shortly after birth to prevent infection.
It is not uncommon for at least some fibers of the levator ani to become stretched or damaged in women who have experienced vaginal delivery of a full-term infant. What are the possible results of this damage?
- A. Urinary or fecal incontinence, dysmenorrhea, or salpingitis
- B. Prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, rectal prolapse through the anus, or hydrosalpinx
- C. Prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, rectal prolapse through the anus, or salpingitis
- D. Urinary or fecal incontinence, prolapse of the uterus into the vagina, or rectal prolapse through the anus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Damage to the levator ani can result in urinary or fecal incontinence, prolapse of the uterus, or rectal prolapse.
The olfactory nerves go through the ______ to enter the cranial cavity:
- A. Foramen ovale
- B. Cribriform plate
- C. Foramen spinosum
- D. Superior orbital fissure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cribriform plate. The olfactory nerves pass through the cribriform plate, which is a part of the ethmoid bone located in the anterior cranial fossa. This structure contains numerous small perforations that allow the olfactory nerve fibers to pass through and enter the cranial cavity, specifically the olfactory bulb. The other choices, A, C, and D, are incorrect because the foramen ovale is located in the sphenoid bone and transmits the mandibular nerve, the foramen spinosum transmits the middle meningeal artery, and the superior orbital fissure transmits structures like the oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, and ophthalmic nerve, but not the olfactory nerves.
A method of heat production unique to newborn infants is the metabolism of
- A. bilirubin
- B. brown fat
- C. prostaglandin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brown fat metabolism generates heat in newborns, helping them maintain body temperature.
A woman who has taken methadone during pregnancy and wants to breastfeed should
- A. take the lowest dose of methadone
- B. continue the same dose of methadone
- C. stop taking methadone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Continuing methadone at the same dose is safe for breastfeeding mothers and their infants.