Nokea
Which of the following would a nurse suggest for a client with an inflammation of the prostate gland?
- A. Treat the client and also his sexual partners.
- B. Avoid standing for long periods and foods that cause diarrhea.
- C. No masturbation or sexual intercourse until treated.
- D. Avoid foods that may cause acidity.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abstinence from sexual activity until treatment is complete helps prevent exacerbation and transmission.
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Which of the following cells may eventually become spermatozoa?
- A. Sertoli cells
- B. Sustentacular cells
- C. Spermatogonia
- D. Chief cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Spermatogonia. Spermatogonia are the male germ cells that undergo mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into primary spermatocytes, which eventually develop into spermatozoa through meiosis. Sertoli cells (A) and Sustentacular cells (B) are somatic cells within the testes that support and nourish developing sperm cells, but they do not give rise to spermatozoa. Chief cells (D) are typically found in the stomach and are responsible for producing pepsinogen, unrelated to sperm production.
About the Fallopian tubes we can state the following:
- A. are funnel-shaped, with edges flared towards the uterus;
- B. the medial extremity displays flares;
- C. it is linked to the uterus through the uterine ostium;
- D. the lateral extremity opens in the abdominal cavity;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Fallopian tubes are indeed funnel-shaped, with edges flared towards the uterus. This shape helps capture the released egg from the ovary and guide it towards the uterus for potential fertilization. The other choices are incorrect because the medial extremity does not display flares (B), the Fallopian tube is not directly linked to the uterus through the uterine ostium (C), and the lateral extremity does not open in the abdominal cavity (D). Therefore, choice A is the most accurate description of the Fallopian tubes based on their anatomy and function.
In a typical 28 days female reproductive cycle, on which day following the beginning of the menstrual period is the level of luteinizing hormone most likely to be highest?
- A. Day 5
- B. Day 7.
- C. Day 14.
- D. Day 14.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (Day 14). On day 14 of a typical 28-day female reproductive cycle, the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) is most likely to be highest. This is because day 14 corresponds to ovulation, which is triggered by a surge in LH. Ovulation occurs when the mature egg is released from the ovary, and LH surge is crucial in this process. Therefore, the peak level of LH is expected on day 14.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Day 5 - Too early in the cycle for LH surge.
B: Day 7 - Still early in the cycle for LH surge.
D: Day 21 - LH surge typically occurs around day 14, not day 21.
Anterior to the vagina and urethral openings is the
- A. Labia majora
- B. Labia minor
- C. Mons pubis
- D. Cervical sphincter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Labia majora. The labia majora are located anterior to the vagina and urethral openings, providing protection and support. The labia minora are internal to the labia majora. The mons pubis is the rounded mass of fatty tissue located over the pubic symphysis. Cervical sphincter is not a relevant anatomical structure in this context. Therefore, the labia majora is the correct choice based on its anatomical location and function.
During pregnancy, the uterine smooth muscle is quiescent. During the 9th month of gestation the uterine muscle becomes progressively more excitable. What factors contribute to the increase in excitability?
- A. Placental estrogen synthesis rises to high rates
- B. Progesterone synthesis by the placenta decreases
- C. Uterine blood flow reaches its highest rate
- D. Prostaglandin E2 synthesis by the placenta decreases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Progesterone synthesis by the placenta decreases. Progesterone maintains uterine quiescence during pregnancy by inhibiting uterine contractions. As progesterone levels decline towards the end of pregnancy, the uterine muscle becomes more excitable. Placental estrogen synthesis (Choice A) does not directly affect uterine excitability. Uterine blood flow (Choice C) is not a direct factor in uterine muscle excitability. Prostaglandin E2 (Choice D) actually increases towards the end of pregnancy, contributing to uterine contractions rather than decreasing excitability.