Human Reproductive System

Human Reproductive System Related

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Endometrium

  • A. Lined by simple columnar epithelium
  • B. Stratum functionalis is shed during menstrual phase
  • C. Forming decidua of placenta during pregnancy
  • D. Is penetrated by arcuate artery
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stratum functionalis is shed during menstrual phase. The endometrium is composed of two layers - the stratum functionalis and the stratum basalis. The stratum functionalis is the layer that undergoes cyclic changes during the menstrual cycle, thickening and then shedding during menstruation. This process is essential for preparing the endometrium for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.

Choice A is incorrect because the endometrium is actually lined by simple columnar epithelium with ciliated cells. Choice C is incorrect because the decidua is the name for the endometrium during pregnancy, but it is not specific to forming the decidua of the placenta. Choice D is incorrect because the arcuate artery is a branch of the uterine artery that runs along the myometrium, not penetrating the endometrium directly.

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As menstruation ends estrogen levels in the blood rise rapidly. What is the source of the estrogen?

  • A. Corpus luteum
  • B. Developing follicles
  • C. Endometrium
  • D. Stromal cells of the ovaries
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Developing follicles. After menstruation, the developing follicles in the ovaries produce estrogen. This estrogen is responsible for thickening the endometrium in preparation for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, not estrogen. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus and is not a direct source of estrogen. Stromal cells of the ovaries are supportive cells and do not produce estrogen.

Which of the following has no homolog in the female?

  • A. penis
  • B. scrotum
  • C. prostate
  • D. bulbourethral glands
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: scrotum. The scrotum is a male-specific structure that houses the testes, which are responsible for producing sperm. In females, there is no homologous structure that serves the same function as the scrotum. The other choices (A: penis, C: prostate, D: bulbourethral glands) have homologous structures in females (clitoris, Skene's glands, and Bartholin's glands, respectively). This differentiation is based on the embryological development of male and female reproductive structures.

The hormone testosterone is tubes called seminiferous tubules that produced by the ________ cells of the are found within each ________. testes.

  • A. spermatic cord
  • B. spermatogonia
  • C. testis
  • D. oogonia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: spermatogonia. Spermatogonia are the cells within the seminiferous tubules of the testes that give rise to sperm cells. Testosterone is produced by Leydig cells, not spermatogonia. A is incorrect because the spermatic cord does not produce testosterone. C is incorrect as the testis is the overall organ where the seminiferous tubules are located. D is incorrect as oogonia are female germ cells found in the ovaries, not the testes.

This connects the ovary to the uterus.

  • A. Vagina
  • B. Cervix
  • C. Fallopian tube
  • D. perineorrhaphy
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cervix. The cervix is the narrow passage that connects the uterus to the vagina. It acts as a barrier between the uterus and the outside environment. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Vagina is the birth canal and does not directly connect the ovary to the uterus. C: Fallopian tube connects the ovary to the uterus but does not directly attach to it. D: Perineorrhaphy is a surgical procedure to repair the perineum and is not related to connecting the ovary to the uterus.

Which of the following would a nurse suggest for a client with an inflammation of the prostate gland?

  • A. Treat the client and also his sexual partners.
  • B. Avoid standing for long periods and foods that cause diarrhea.
  • C. No masturbation or sexual intercourse until treated.
  • D. Avoid foods that may cause acidity.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Abstinence from sexual activity until treatment is complete helps prevent exacerbation and transmission.

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