Nokea
Spasm of sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck causes:
- A. Talipes equinovarus
- B. Torticollis
- C. Cleft lip
- D. Kyphosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Torticollis. Spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck causes the head to tilt to one side and the chin to rotate to the opposite side, leading to a condition known as torticollis. Talipes equinovarus (A) is a foot deformity, cleft lip (C) is a congenital facial anomaly, and kyphosis (D) is an abnormal curvature of the spine. These conditions are not directly related to the spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the neck.
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A male client is having trouble with erections and comes to the clinic to be seen by the doctor. The doctor diagnoses the client with erectile dysfunction. The nurse provides education regarding the disorder and teaches the client that erectile dysfunction can be caused by which of the following?
- A. Obsessive compulsive disorder
- B. Complications of STIs
- C. Side effects of drug therapy
- D. Spinal stenosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug side effects are a common cause of erectile dysfunction.
The spermatozoon contains:
- A. 11 pairs of somatic chromosomes;
- B. one sexual chromosome;
- C. the X sex chromosome;
- D. the Y sex chromosome;
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the spermatozoon contains the Y sex chromosome, determining male characteristics. Sperm cells are haploid and carry only one set of chromosomes, including either an X or Y sex chromosome. The presence of the Y chromosome leads to the development of male offspring. Choice A is incorrect as sperm cells do not contain somatic chromosomes. Choice B is incorrect as sperm cells contain one pair of sex chromosomes, not just one. Choice C is incorrect because sperm cells can carry either the X or Y sex chromosome, not specifically the X chromosome.
When palpating the epididymis, the nurse considers which finding to be abnormal?
- A. The epididymis is located on the posterolateral surface of each testis.
- B. The epididymis feels like a tubular, comma-shaped structure.
- C. The epididymis collapses on palpation.
- D. The epididymis has an irregular, nodular surface.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an epididymis with an irregular, nodular surface is abnormal and may indicate a pathology such as epididymitis or a tumor. Step 1: Normal epididymis should feel smooth and firm, not irregular. Step 2: Nodular surface suggests a growth or inflammation. Step 3: Abnormal findings should prompt further evaluation. Incorrect choices: A is correct anatomical location, B describes the normal shape, and C collapsing is not a typical finding.
PID is an infection of the pelvic organs, excepting the uterus. The nurse's role in caring for a client hospitalized with PID includes which of the following?
- A. The nurse inquires if the client has douched within the last 48 hours
- B. The nurse advises a douche every hour prior to being examined
- C. The nurse avoids administering analgesics
- D. The nurse avoids washing the perineal area
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inquiring about recent douching helps understand potential contributing factors to the infection.
The _____ is the space between the labia minor.
- A. vulva
- B. vestibule
- C. vaginal orifice
- D. pudendal cleft
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: vestibule. The vestibule is the space between the labia minora, housing the openings of the urethra and vagina. It is a specific anatomical term that describes this precise area. The other choices, A: vulva refers to the external female genitalia as a whole, C: vaginal orifice specifically denotes the opening of the vagina, and D: pudendal cleft is a term not commonly used in anatomy to describe this specific space. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it accurately describes the anatomical structure in question.