Nokea
You are administering vancomycin (Vancocin) 500 mg IV to a client with PID when you notice that the client's neck and face are becoming flushed. Which action should you take next?
- A. Discontinue the vancomycin.
- B. Slow the rate of the medication infusion.
- C. Obtain an order for an antihistamine.
- D. Check the client's temperature.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flushing suggests an infusion reaction; slowing the infusion rate can mitigate the reaction.
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Causes of per vaginal bleeding include
- A. Cervical cancer
- B. Endometrial cancer
- C. Leiomyoma
- D. Endometrial carcinoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cervical cancer. Cervical cancer can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding due to the presence of cancerous cells in the cervix. This can lead to spotting or bleeding between periods. Endometrial cancer (choice B) and endometrial carcinoma (choice D) specifically involve the endometrium, not the cervix. Leiomyoma (choice C) refers to uterine fibroids, which can cause heavy menstrual bleeding but are not typically associated with vaginal bleeding outside of menstruation. Therefore, the correct choice is A as it directly relates to per vaginal bleeding, while the other choices are not directly linked to this symptom.
Which of the following cells may eventually become spermatozoa?
- A. Sertoli cells
- B. Sustentacular cells
- C. Spermatogonia
- D. Chief cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Spermatogonia. Spermatogonia are the male germ cells that undergo mitosis to produce more spermatogonia or differentiate into primary spermatocytes, which eventually develop into spermatozoa through meiosis. Sertoli cells (A) and Sustentacular cells (B) are somatic cells within the testes that support and nourish developing sperm cells, but they do not give rise to spermatozoa. Chief cells (D) are typically found in the stomach and are responsible for producing pepsinogen, unrelated to sperm production.
The result of oogenesis is _____.
- A. one secondary oocyte
- B. two secondary oocytes
- C. one ovum
- D. four ootids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: one ovum. During oogenesis, a primary oocyte undergoes meiosis to produce one mature ovum and three polar bodies. The ovum contains the majority of the cytoplasm and organelles needed for fertilization. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: one secondary oocyte - After meiosis I, the primary oocyte develops into one secondary oocyte and one polar body.
B: two secondary oocytes - This is not a possible outcome of oogenesis as only one secondary oocyte is produced.
D: four ootids - Ootids are the immediate products of meiosis II in oogenesis and are not the final mature gametes like the ovum.
Which hormone promotes a small number of primary follicles within the ovary to grow and mature each month?
- A. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
- B. Estrogen
- C. Follicl
- D. stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH promotes the growth and maturation of primary follicles in the ovary each month. It stimulates the follicles to develop and produce estrogen. LH surge triggers ovulation. A and B are involved in the menstrual cycle, but they do not specifically promote the growth of primary follicles. C is not a hormone involved in the process.
Women infected with human papilloma virus (HPV) are at risk for which of the following?
- A. Uterine fibroids
- B. Cervical cancer
- C. Ovarian cysts
- D. Hemorrhagic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HPV infection is a significant risk factor for developing cervical cancer.