Which of these choices contains the six elements necessary for malpractice?
- A. Causation, foreseeability, damages to the patient, a duty that was owed to the client and this duty was breached, and direct rather than indirect harm to the client.
- B. Causation, foreseeability, damages to the patient, a duty that was owed to the client and this duty was breached, and direct and/or indirect harm to the client.
- C. Causation, correlation, damages to the patient, a duty that was owed to the client and this duty was breached, and direct and/or indirect harm to the client.
- D. Causation, foreseeability, damages to the patient, a duty that was owed to the client and this duty was breached, and a medical license.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Malpractice requires proof of causation, foreseeability, damages, breach of duty, and direct harm.
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The theorist associated with psychosocial development is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory outlines eight stages of development.
McMillan placed high value on the education of
- A. Imagination
- B. Modeling
- C. Creativity
- D. Play
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Margaret McMillan saw play as essential for child development.
The nurse best assures that a psychiatric client's rights are respected and preserved by:
- A. Educating each client as to his or her legally protected rights.
- B. Being knowledgeable of the state laws that regulate client rights.
- C. Participating as a member of the client's multidisciplinary health care team.
- D. Referring all issues of a legal nature to the appropriate facility committee.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because being knowledgeable of state laws regulating client rights enables the nurse to advocate effectively. By understanding the legal framework, the nurse can ensure the client's rights are upheld. Choice A may not cover all legal aspects, choice C focuses on healthcare teamwork, and choice D may delay addressing legal issues promptly. Being well-versed in state laws is crucial for protecting client rights.
A 16-year-old adolescent is hospitalized and acting like a child. According to Erik Erikson, what is the appropriate developmental task?
- A. Industry vs. inferiority
- B. Integrity vs. despair
- C. Identity vs. role confusion
- D. Trust vs. mistrust
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 16-year-old is experiencing role confusion perhaps in response to the stress of hospitalization.
Place the following phases of crisis in the correct sequential order. Order each response with a number from first to last, with #1 as the first phase of crisis to #4 which is the fourth phase of crisis. 1. The signs and symptoms of the General Adaptation Syndrome 2. Detachment and disorientation 3. Trying alternative methods of coping 4. The use of psychological ego defense mechanisms
- A. 3,2,1,4
- B. 1,2,3,4
- C. 4,3,2,1
- D. 4,3,1,2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crisis phases (B: 1,2,3,4) follow GAS, detachment, coping attempts, and defense mechanisms.