Nokea
Which one of the following definitions is incorrect?
- A. Delusions – A fixed false belief not based in reality
- B. Mental illness – A condition affecting thinking, mood, or behavior
- C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder – A disorder with intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors
- D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder – A disorder with intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviors
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An illusion is actually a misinterpretation of a real stimulus, not the perception of something that does not exist. The incorrect definition given in option D confuses an illusion with a hallucination, which is a false sensory perception without an external stimulus.
You may also like to solve these questions
The treatment team implements a behavior modification approach using a contract for a client with antisocial personality disorder. An expected outcome of this approach is that client will:
- A. Learn how to avoid punishment
- B. Explain why he breaks rules
- C. Comply with behaviors specified in the contract
- D. Develop empathy in interpersonal contacts with peers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because compliance with the behaviors specified in the contract is a key goal of behavior modification. This outcome focuses on specific, observable behaviors that the client agrees to follow. This approach helps in setting clear expectations and consequences, which is beneficial for individuals with antisocial personality disorder.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Learning how to avoid punishment may not necessarily lead to behavior change or compliance with the contract terms.
B: Explaining why he breaks rules may not necessarily result in actual behavior change or adherence to the contract.
D: Developing empathy is a more complex and long-term goal that may not directly relate to compliance with the contract terms.
An individual brought by ambulance to the emergency room is accompanied by a roommate. The patient fights against the restraints and shouts incoherently. The roommate reports that the patient was weak and confused on awakening this morning and about 3 hours ago began "rambling and talking crazy."Â A nurse notes that the patient's skin is flushed and dry. The priority nursing action is to:
- A. take the patient's vital signs.
- B. start intravenous fluids.
- C. administer a sedative.
- D. perform a mental status examination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: take the patient's vital signs. This is the priority action because the patient is exhibiting signs of potential medical emergency, such as altered mental status, flushed and dry skin, and confusion. Vital signs can provide crucial information about the patient's condition and help determine the urgency of the situation. Starting intravenous fluids (B) may be necessary but should be based on the assessment of vital signs first. Administering a sedative (C) is not appropriate without knowing the underlying cause of the symptoms. Performing a mental status examination (D) is important but not the priority in this situation where the patient's physical condition needs immediate attention.
Which instruction has priority when teaching a patient taking clozapine (Clozaril)?
- A. Avoid unprotected sex.
- B. Report sore throat and fever immediately.
- C. Reduce foods high in polyunsaturated fats.
- D. Use over-the-counter preparations for rashes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report sore throat and fever immediately. This is because clozapine can cause a serious condition called agranulocytosis, which is characterized by a dangerously low white blood cell count. Sore throat and fever can be early signs of this condition, so it is crucial to report them immediately to prevent serious complications.
Avoiding unprotected sex (choice A) is important for overall health but is not directly related to clozapine use. Reducing foods high in polyunsaturated fats (choice C) is not a priority as it does not impact the safety or effectiveness of clozapine. Using over-the-counter preparations for rashes (choice D) is not advised as rashes can be a side effect of clozapine, and professional medical advice should be sought.
Which nursing action should occur first regarding a patient who has a problem of sexual dysfunction or sexual disorder? The nurse should
- A. develop an understanding of human sexual response.
- B. assess the patient's sexual functioning and needs.
- C. acquire knowledge of the patient's sexual roles.
- D. clarify own personal values about sexuality.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because clarifying the nurse's own personal values about sexuality is crucial before addressing a patient's sexual dysfunction. By understanding personal biases or judgments, the nurse can provide unbiased care. Assessing the patient's needs (B) should follow, as it directly addresses the patient's concerns. Developing an understanding of human sexual response (A) is important, but not as urgent as addressing personal values. Acquiring knowledge of the patient's sexual roles (C) is less relevant and should come after understanding the patient's needs.
A patient with fluctuating levels of awareness, confusion, and disorientation shouts, 'The bugs, they are crawling on my legs! Get them off me!' The nurse's inspections show that no bugs are present. The nurse can best assess this presentation as:
- A. Perseveration.
- B. Hypermetamorphosis.
- C. Tactile hallucinations.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tactile hallucinations. Tactile hallucinations involve the perception of physical sensations such as bugs crawling on the skin when no external stimuli are present. In this scenario, the patient's complaint of bugs crawling on their legs despite the nurse's inspection confirming the absence of bugs indicates a sensory hallucination, specifically a tactile one. This is different from perseveration (repetition of a particular response or activity) and hypermetamorphosis (excessive attention to environmental details). Choosing "None of the above" would not address the specific symptom of tactile hallucinations described in the patient's presentation.