Nokea
Which ONE of the following is consistent with scarlet fever:
- A. Punctate rash on neck and trunk
- B. Circumoral erythema
- C. Geographic tongue
- D. Only occurs in association with streptococcal pharyngitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scarlet fever circumoral pallor, not erythema, rash, tongue, strep, peeling fit. Nurses spot this chronic strep face.
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Which is not true of secondary syphilis?
- A. it occurs 3-6 weeks after the primary stage
- B. it involves nonspecific symptoms eg, headache malaise
- C. there is lymphadenopathy
- D. there is a rash, which is pink plaques
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Secondary syphilis rash spreads, not just pink plaques; timing, malaise, nodes, tests fit. Nurses map this chronic bloom.
The followings are risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) except:
- A. Elevated uric acid
- B. Elevated blood pressure
- C. Diabetes mellitus
- D. Elevated LDL-cholesterol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NAFLD ties to metabolic mess hypertension, diabetes, high LDL, and triglycerides fuel fat's liver pile-up, all in. Uric acid links to gout, not NAFLD's core, despite metabolic overlap. Clinicians eye this quartet, not urate, in chronic liver fat's risk map, a key split.
Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) are performed in an overweight person , in whom the disturbed glucose tolerance is now diagnosed for the first time, and in a person with normal body weight who shows normal glucose values after oral glucose intake. Question: Which of the following glucose and insulin values, measured one hour after oral glucose intake, are most consistent with these two people?
- A. Glucose 12 mmol/L, Insulin 60 mU/L ; Glucose 8 mmol/L, Insulin 40 mU/L
- B. Glucose 12 mmol/L, Insulin 10 mU/L ; Glucose 8 mmol/L, Insulin 60 mU/L
- C. Glucose 8 mmol/L, Insulin 60 mU/L ; Glucose 4 mmol/L, Insulin 40 mU/L
- D. Glucose 8 mmol/L, Insulin 10 mU/L ; Glucose 4 mmol/L, Insulin 60 mU/L
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Overweight with new impaired tolerance high glucose, high insulin as fat resists; normal weight, normal test moderate glucose, steady insulin. Twelve and 60 fit the struggler; 8 and 40 the healthy nurses read this, a chronic resistance tale in numbers.
In CSF of a patient with viral meningitis, the most prominent white cell is usually?
- A. monocytes
- B. lymphocytes
- C. polymorphs
- D. eosinophils
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Viral meningitis pulls lymphocytes immune sentinels flood CSF, not polymorphs of bacterial wars, monocytes lagging, eosinophils for worms, or vague granulocytes. It's the chronic viral signature nurses spot this shift, ruling out pus-filled bacterial chaos with one cell peek.
A 3-year-old girl with a Wilms tumor is returning to the unit after a simple nephrectomy. Which of the following actions have the highest priority in caring for this child?
- A. Maintaining NPO.
- B. Monitoring the BP every 2 hours.
- C. Turning her every 2 hours.
- D. Administering pain medication every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a nephrectomy for Wilms tumor, monitoring blood pressure (BP) every 2 hours is the highest priority because kidney removal disrupts renin-angiotensin regulation, risking hypo- or hypertension, especially in a young child with one remaining kidney. Using the ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation), BP falls under circulation, a critical postoperative focus to detect shock or fluid imbalance early. Maintaining NPO is temporary post-anesthesia but shifts to hydration once awake, less urgent than BP. Turning every 2 hours prevents pressure ulcers, but a mobile 3-year-old post-simple nephrectomy likely moves independently unless sedated, lowering its priority. Pain medication is key but ranks lower (e.g., G' in extended ABCs) than circulation. Frequent BP checks ensure stability, aligning with nursing's role in pediatric surgical care to prevent complications in a child adapting to single-kidney function.