Nokea
Which organ system is largely responsible for controlling stress?
- A. The endocrine system
- B. The digestive system
- C. The lymphatic system
- D. The respiratory system
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The endocrine system is largely responsible for controlling stress through the release of hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline. These hormones help regulate the body's response to stress by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and energy production. The endocrine system plays a crucial role in the body's stress response and helps the body adapt to and cope with stressful situations. The digestive system (Choice B) is primarily responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, not controlling stress. The lymphatic system (Choice C) is responsible for immune function and maintaining fluid balance, not controlling stress. The respiratory system (Choice D) is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, not controlling stress.
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What is the average normal body temperature in degrees Celsius?
- A. 30°C
- B. 32°C
- C. 35°C
- D. 37°C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The average normal body temperature in degrees Celsius is 37°C. This temperature is considered the standard measurement for the human body under normal conditions. It is essential to know this baseline temperature for monitoring health and detecting abnormalities such as fever. Choice A, 30°C, is too low for the average normal body temperature. Choice B, 32°C, is also below the standard normal body temperature. Choice C, 35°C, is closer but still lower than the average normal body temperature of 37°C.
Where is a gallstone most likely to cause pain?
- A. In the upper right quadrant of the abdomen
- B. In the lower right quadrant of the abdomen
- C. In the umbilical region
- D. Along the pelvic girdle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A gallstone is most likely to cause pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. This specific area corresponds to the location of the gallbladder. When a gallstone blocks the flow of bile from the gallbladder, it can lead to inflammation and pain in this region. The pain may also radiate to the back or right shoulder blade due to referred pain patterns associated with gallbladder issues. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because gallstone pain is typically felt in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, not the lower right quadrant, umbilical region, or along the pelvic girdle.
The shoulder is _________ to the elbow.
- A. posterior
- B. proximal
- C. distal
- D. medial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Proximal refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin. In this case, the shoulder is closer to the point of attachment to the body compared to the elbow, making it proximal to the elbow. 'Posterior' refers to the back side of the body, 'distal' means farther away from the point of attachment, and 'medial' refers to the middle of the body. These terms do not accurately describe the relationship between the shoulder and the elbow in this context.
How does the circulatory system work with the digestive system?
- A. The circulatory system removes undigested solids from the body.
- B. The circulatory system filters and collects digested materials.
- C. The circulatory system moves absorbed nutrients through the body.
- D. The circulatory system releases enzymes that control digestion.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The circulatory system works with the digestive system by transporting absorbed nutrients through the body. After digestion occurs in the digestive system, nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The circulatory system then carries these nutrients to cells throughout the body where they are used for energy, growth, and repair. This process ensures that the necessary nutrients are delivered to where they are needed in the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the circulatory system is not responsible for removing undigested solids, filtering and collecting digested materials, or releasing enzymes that control digestion. These functions are primarily carried out by the digestive system.
Which of these can provide significant protein to a person on a vegan diet?
- A. Eggs
- B. Fish
- C. Tofu
- D. Leafy greens
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tofu is a plant-based source of protein that can provide a significant amount of protein to a person on a vegan diet. It is made from soybeans and is a versatile ingredient that can be used in various dishes to increase protein intake. Tofu is a good option for vegans looking to meet their protein needs. Eggs and fish are not suitable for a vegan diet as they are animal products. While leafy greens do contain some protein, they are not considered a significant protein source compared to tofu.