Nokea
Which painful, tender, pea-sized nodules may appear on the pads of the fingers or toes in bacterial endocarditis?
- A. Osler nodes
- B. Janeway lesions
- C. Subcutaneous nodules
- D. Aschoff nodes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osler nodes are painful, tender, pea-sized nodules that can appear on the pads of the fingers or toes and are associated with bacterial endocarditis. These nodules result from immune-complex deposition in the small blood vessels of the skin. They are not to be confused with Janeway lesions, which are painless, non-tender macules found on the palms and soles in infective endocarditis. Subcutaneous nodules are seen in conditions like rheumatic fever, while Aschoff nodes are characteristic of rheumatic fever involving the heart.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which is an important nursing consideration in the care of the newborn with PKU?
- A. Suggest ways to make formula more palatable.
- B. Teach proper administration of phenylalanine hydroxylase.
- C. Encourage the breastfeeding mother to adhere to a low-phenylalanine diet.
- D. Give reassurance that dietary restrictions are a temporary inconvenience.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the breastfeeding mother to adhere to a low-phenylalanine diet is an important nursing consideration in the care of the newborn with PKU. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inborn error of metabolism in which the body cannot metabolize phenylalanine properly. If a newborn with PKU consumes formula or breast milk that contains high levels of phenylalanine, it can lead to severe intellectual disability and other health complications. By encouraging the breastfeeding mother to follow a low-phenylalanine diet, the newborn's exposure to phenylalanine can be minimized, helping to prevent the negative effects of PKU.
Regarding physical growth of preschool children (3-5 years), all are true EXCEPT
- A. 7-8 kg weight increment/yr
- B. 20 primary teeth erupted by 3 years
- C. brain stops myelinization by 8 years
- D. height increment/yr average is 5-6 cm up to 18 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight increment varies and is generally less than 7-8 kg/yr.
A 12-year-old male adolescent, recently diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma, shows left cervical and supraclavicular lymph node involvement and drenching night sweats. Based on Ann Arbor Classification, the patient is classified as
- A. stage IA
- B. stage IB
- C. stage IIA
- D. stage IIB
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Involvement of two lymph node regions above the diaphragm with systemic symptoms corresponds to stage IIB.
For which of the following problems should the nurse monitor in the patient with multiple myeloma?
- A. Uncontrolled bleeding
- B. Liver engorgement
- C. Respiratory distress
- D. Pathological fractures
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with multiple myeloma are at an increased risk of bleeding due to low levels of platelets, which play a key role in blood clotting. Uncontrolled bleeding can occur in multiple myeloma patients, leading to serious complications such as hemorrhage and anemia. Therefore, the nurse should monitor for signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, petechiae, or prolonged bleeding from minor cuts or procedures, and take appropriate interventions to manage and prevent further bleeding episodes in the patient with multiple myeloma. Monitoring for and addressing uncontrolled bleeding is crucial in ensuring the safety and well-being of the patient.
The nurse is meeting a 5-year-old child for the first time and would like the child to cooperate during a dressing change. The nurse decides to do a simple magic trick using gauze. How should this action be interpreted?
- A. Inappropriate, because of child's age
- B. A way to establish rapport
- C. Too distracting, when cooperation is important
- D. Acceptable, if there is adequate time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a simple magic trick with gauze to engage a 5-year-old child during a dressing change is a way to establish rapport. This approach can help build trust and reduce anxiety by making the procedure more engaging and less intimidating for the child. By creating a positive interaction through a fun activity, the nurse can promote cooperation and make the dressing change a smoother experience for the child. Overall, the use of a magic trick in this context is appropriate and beneficial for enhancing the child's cooperation and comfort.