Nokea
Which patient should the nurse assess first after change-of-shift report?
- A. A 42-year-old patient with carpal tunnel syndrome complaining of pain.
- B. A 64-year-old patient with osteoporosis who is waiting for discharge.
- C. A 28-year-old patient with fracture complaining that the cast is tight.
- D. A 56-year-old patient with left leg amputation complaining of phantom pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A tight cast can lead to compartment syndrome, which is a medical emergency.
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Which statement describes osteosarcoma?
- A. High rate of local recurrence
- B. Very malignant and metastasizes early
- C. Arises in cancellous ends of long bones
- D. Develops in the medullary cavity of long bones
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteosarcoma is highly malignant and metastasizes early.
The septum of the nasal cavity is innervated by
- A. Nasopalatine nerve from cranial nerve V2
- B. Posterior ethmoidal nerve from V1
- C. Greater palatine nerve from V2
- D. Lesser palatine nerve from V2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nasopalatine nerve, a branch of the maxillary division (V2) of the trigeminal nerve, supplies sensation to the nasal septum. It is important in nasal surgeries and anesthesia.
What are the two major divisions of the nervous system?
- A. endocrine and exocrine nervous systems
- B. upper and lower nervous systems
- C. spinal and extremity nervous systems
- D. central and peripheral nervous systems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes all the nerves outside the CNS. This division is fundamental to understanding how the body processes and responds to information.
During muscle strength testing, the patient has active movement against gravity and some resistance to pressure. What score should the nurse give this finding?
- A. 2
- B. 3
- C. 4
- D. 5
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grade 4 indicates movement against gravity and moderate resistance.
A 71-year-old patient has had PD for 8 years and is currently taking pramipexole 1.5 mg three times a day and carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg four times a day. His wife claims that he is complaining of seeing spiders and bugs running across the floor and imaginary children in their house. The first thing to do is:
- A. Increase the pramipexole dose.
- B. Reduce the pramipexole dose.
- C. Increase the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
- D. Reduce the carbidopa/levodopa dose.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations in PD patients are often a side effect of dopamine agonists like pramipexole. Reducing the dose can help alleviate these symptoms.