Nokea
Which patient statement would lead a nurse to suspect that the developmental task of infancy was not successfully completed?
- A. I have very warm and close friendships.'
- B. I'm afraid to let anyone really get to know me.'
- C. I am always right and confident about my decisions.'
- D. I'm ashamed that I didn't do it correctly in the first place.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: According to Erikson, the developmental task of infancy is trust. Fear of letting others know oneself shows mistrust. Warm friendships indicate successful trust development. Confidence suggests rigidity, and shame relates to Initiative versus Guilt.
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A basic level registered nurse works with patients in a community setting. Which groups should this nurse expect to lead?
- A. Symptom management
- B. Medication education
- C. Family therapy
- D. Psychotherapy
- E. Self-care
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: Basic level nurses lead psychoeducational groups like symptom management, medication education, and self-care. Family therapy and psychotherapy require advanced practice.
A nurse listens to a group of recent retirees. One says, 'I volunteer with Meals on Wheels, coach teen sports, and do church visitation.' Another laughs and says, 'I'm too busy taking care of myself to volunteer. I don't have time to help others.' These comments contrast which developmental tasks?
- A. Trust versus Mistrust
- B. Industry versus Inferiority
- C. Intimacy versus Isolation
- D. Generativity versus Self-Absorption
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Both retirees are in middle adulthood, facing Generativity versus Self-Absorption. One shows generativity through volunteering, the other self-absorption. Trust versus Mistrust involves trust issues, Industry versus Inferiority work competence, and Intimacy versus Isolation emotional connection.
An adult expresses the wish to be taken care of and often behaves in a helpless fashion. This adult has needs related to which of Freud's stages of psychosexual development?
- A. Latency
- B. Phallic
- C. Anal
- D. Oral
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fixation at the oral stage produces dependent behaviors in adults. Latency fixations lead to social skill deficits, phallic fixations to authority issues, and anal fixations to rigidity or messiness.
A person received an invitation to be in the wedding of a friend who lives across the country. The individual is afraid of flying. What type of therapy should the nurse recommend?
- A. Psychoanalysis
- B. Milieu therapy
- C. Systematic desensitization
- D. Short-term dynamic therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Systematic desensitization extinguishes specific fears like flying. Psychoanalysis and short-term therapy explore conflicts, and milieu involves environmental adjustments.
Cognitive behavioral therapy was provided for a patient who frequently said, 'I'm stupid.' Which statement by the patient indicates the therapy was effective?
- A. I'm disappointed in my lack of ability.'
- B. I always fail when I try new things.'
- C. Things always go wrong for me.'
- D. Sometimes I do stupid things.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I'm stupid' is an irrational thought. 'Sometimes I do stupid things' is more rational, promoting self-control. The other options reflect persistent irrational thinking.