Nokea
Which phenothiazine has the least extra pyramidal effect
- A. Thioridazine
- B. Chlorpromazine
- C. Triflupromazine
- D. Fluphenazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thioridazine has fewer extrapyramidal effects.
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A patient has recently moved from Vermont to Southern Florida. The patient presents to the clinic complaining of dizzy spells and weakness. While conducting the admission assessment, the patient tells the nurse that he have been on the same antihypertensive drug for 6 years and had stable blood pressures and no adverse effects. Since his move, he has been having problems and he feels that the drug is no longer effective. The clinic nurse knows that one possible reason for the change in the effectiveness of the drug could be what?
- A. The impact of the placebo effect on the patients response.
- B. The accumulative effect of the drug if it has been taken for many years.
- C. The impact of the warmer environment on the patients physical status.
- D. Problems with patient compliance with the drug regimen while on vacation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antihypertensive drugs work to decrease the blood pressure. When a patient goes to a climate that is much warmer than usual, blood vessels dilate and the blood pressure falls. If a patient is taking an antihypertensive drug and moves to a warmer climate, there is a chance that the patients blood pressure will drop too low, resulting in dizziness and feelings of weakness. Even mild dehydration could exacerbate these effects. Most antihypertensives are metabolized and excreted and do not accumulate in the body. Patients must be very compliant with their drug regimen on vacation. After several years on an antihypertensive drug, the effects of that drug are known; therefore, the placebo effect should not be an issue.
The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
- A. Immediately before swimming
- B. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
- C. Immediately before exposure to the sun
- D. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.
John has clonidine, a centrally acting adrenergic blocker, prescribed for his hypertension. He should:
- A. Not miss a dose or stop taking the drug because of potential rebound hypertension
- B. Increase fiber in the diet to treat any diarrhea that may occur
- C. Reduce fluid intake to less than 2 liters per day to prevent fluid retention
- D. Avoid sitting for long periods, as this can lead to deep vein thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clonidine withdrawal can cause rebound hypertension, making adherence critical.
Which of the following is a primary benefit of the use of computerized provider order entry for patient medications?
- A. Reduces time that prescribing drugs takes
- B. Eliminates the need to chart drugs prescribed
- C. Decreases prescribing and transcription errors
- D. Helps keep the number of drugs prescribed to a minimum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Computerized provider order entry reduces errors in prescribing and transcription.
The nurse transcribes an order to administer Valium 10 mg IV stat. This order is correctly interpreted by the nurse to mean it should be provided how? (Select all that apply.)
- A. As needed
- B. Immediately
- C. One time only
- D. Intravenously
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The stat order is generally used on an emergency basis. It means that the drug is to be administered as soon as possible, but only once. IV indicates the route is intravenous. A PRN order means administer if needed. The order would specify divided doses and amount per dose if indicated.