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Which position(s) and exercise(s) will the nurse teach as beneficial in combating discomfort in the later stages of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Leg lifts
- B. Pelvic rock
- C. Tailor sitting
- D. Sit-ups
- E. Shoulder curling
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Pelvic rock, tailor sitting, and shoulder curling are beneficial to the muscles that will have to adapt to the extra weight and changed posture of later pregnancy. Leg lifts and sit-ups are not beneficial, because they both increase intra-abdominal pressure.
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A nurse is teaching a childbirth preparation class. The group is discussing individual expression of labor pain. What statement is accurate about a patient's expression of pain?
- A. It reduces the patient's perception of pain.
- B. It is intensified by the vertex position of the fetus.
- C. It is influenced by culture.
- D. It can be completely controlled by nonpharmacological techniques.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Culture influences how women feel about birth and what is an acceptable response to pain.
What chemical substance(s) produced in the body acts as a natural pain reliever?
- A. Endorphins
- B. Morphine
- C. Codeine
- D. Atropine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Endorphins are natural body substances that are similar to morphine and may explain why laboring women need smaller doses of analgesia.
What would the nurse explain regarding giving a narcotic analgesic medication at this stage of labor?
- A. It can cause medication given at later stages to be ineffective.
- B. It will have no complications for the mother or infant.
- C. It may result in respiratory depression to the newborn.
- D. It will speed up labor and increase pain.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The risk of narcotic analgesics is that they cross the placenta and can cause fetal respiratory depression.
What is the Dick-Read method of childbirth preparation based on?
- A. Mild sedation throughout labor
- B. Relaxation techniques
- C. Skin stimulation
- D. Deep massage
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Dick-Read method depends on the use of relaxation techniques to reduce the discomforts of labor.
What assessment should be taken immediately after the anesthesiologist administers an epidural block to a laboring woman?
- A. Bladder for distention
- B. Blood pressure
- C. Sensation in the lower extremities
- D. Intravenous fluid flow rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood pressure is checked every 5 minutes when the epidural block is first begun. Bladder assessment is also important but not an initial assessment.