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Which primary prevention would the school nurse choose to address the school's number of unwed pregnancies?
- A. Create a class on parenting for both the moms-to-be and the dads-to-be.
- B. Convince the school board to allow sex education classes to include birth control measures.
- C. Employ the moms-to-be as 1-hour-a-day employees in the school daycare center for children born to school students.
- D. Establish a class where all the unwed moms-to-be can learn infant care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent a problem before it occurs. Education on sexuality and birth control directly addresses the prevention of future pregnancies, unlike the other options which focus on post-pregnancy support.
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The public health RN is called to investigate a report of several cases of varicella at a day care center. The day care workers state that 5 children have been sent home over the past 2 weeks w/ fever & itchy blisters. Which intervention should the RN implement first?
- A. Validate that the children who were sent home had chickenpox.
- B. Ask the parents to take the child to see their pediatrician COMMUNITY HEALTH PRACTICE EXAM - VERSION A
- C. Ask the parents to not send the child back to daycare until after 6 weeks
- D. Tell the parents to send the child back to daycare it was a mistake they were sent home
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Validate that the children who were sent home had chickenpox. The first step in investigating a potential outbreak of a communicable disease like varicella (chickenpox) is to confirm the diagnosis. By validating that the children indeed had chickenpox, the RN can accurately assess the situation and take appropriate actions to prevent further spread.
Choice B is incorrect because sending the child to their pediatrician should come after confirming the diagnosis to ensure proper medical care. Choice C is incorrect as it recommends a prolonged exclusion period without confirmation of the disease, which may not be necessary. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the seriousness of the situation and could lead to further spread of the illness if the children do have chickenpox.
A nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of senior citizens at a community center and wants to emphasize the amount and types of fat in some foods versus others. What is the best teaching method for the nurse to use?
- A. Display posters with foods and tell seniors about fat content
- B. Determine foods most often eaten by this group and discuss the nutritional panel of each product
- C. Show a movie about cooking with foods that are low in fat but delicious
- D. Ask each senior to bring a food for others to taste, then estimate the fat contained in these foods COMMUNITY HEALTH PRACTICE EXAM - VERSION A
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it aligns with the principles of adult learning and nutrition education. By determining the foods most often consumed by the senior citizens and discussing the nutritional panel of each product, the nurse can tailor the information to the specific needs and preferences of the group. This method promotes active engagement, relevance, and practical application of knowledge, making it more likely for the seniors to retain and apply the information in their daily lives.
The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Displaying posters with foods and telling seniors about fat content is a passive method that may not effectively engage the group or address their specific dietary habits.
C: Showing a movie about cooking with low-fat foods may be entertaining but lacks the interactive and personalized approach needed for effective nutrition education.
D: Asking seniors to bring foods for tasting and estimating fat content may not provide accurate information and may not address the overall understanding of nutritional content in various foods.
Which of the following is the most effective strategy for reducing hypertension in a community?
- A. Encouraging regular exercise
- B. Providing free blood pressure screenings
- C. Promoting a diet low in sodium
- D. Advocating for policies to reduce air pollution
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most effective strategy for reducing hypertension in a community is promoting a diet low in sodium. High sodium intake is directly linked to high blood pressure. By reducing sodium intake, blood pressure can be better controlled. Regular exercise (choice A) is important for overall health but may not have as direct an impact on blood pressure as diet. Providing free blood pressure screenings (choice B) is helpful for early detection but does not address the root cause. Advocating for policies to reduce air pollution (choice D) is important for overall health but may not have as direct an impact on hypertension as reducing sodium intake.
The nurse is conducting a windshield survey of the community. Which aspect of the community will the nurse primarily focus on?
- A. The socioeconomic status of the population
- B. The physical environment and available resources
- C. The health care utilization patterns
- D. The level of health insurance coverage in the community
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in a windshield survey, the nurse primarily focuses on observing the physical environment and available resources within the community. This includes factors such as housing conditions, access to parks, grocery stores, healthcare facilities, transportation, and other community resources. By conducting this survey, the nurse can gather valuable information to assess the overall health and well-being of the community members.
Incorrect answers:
A: Socioeconomic status is important but not the primary focus of a windshield survey.
C: Health care utilization patterns are important but not the main focus of a windshield survey.
D: Health insurance coverage is relevant but not the main aspect observed in a windshield survey.
During an initial clinic visit, the nurse is taking the history for a client who wants to confirm her pregnancy. The client's last child has a history of low-birth-weight (LBW). Which additional finding is most important for the nurse to consider?
- A. Cigarette smoking.
- B. African American ethnicity.
- C. Poor nutritional status.
- D. Limited maternal education.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cigarette smoking. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for low birth weight. Nicotine and other harmful substances in cigarettes can restrict blood flow to the placenta, leading to inadequate oxygen and nutrients reaching the fetus, resulting in low birth weight. African American ethnicity (B) is a risk factor for LBW, but smoking has a more direct impact. Poor nutritional status (C) can contribute to LBW, but smoking has a stronger association. Limited maternal education (D) may impact prenatal care but is not as directly linked to LBW as smoking.