Nokea
Which property of matter refers to the force of gravity acting on an object?
- A. Mass
- B. Weight
- C. Density
- D. Volume
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight is the property of matter that refers to the force of gravity acting on an object. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, not affected by gravity. Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, not directly related to gravity. Volume is the amount of space that an object occupies, not a measure of gravity's force.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following structures is responsible for preventing the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium?
- A. Aortic valve
- B. Pulmonary valve
- C. Tricuspid valve
- D. Mitral valve
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the Mitral valve. The mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve, is situated between the left atrium and the left ventricle. Its primary function is to prevent the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium during ventricular contraction. The other choices are incorrect because: A) The aortic valve prevents backflow from the aorta into the left ventricle. B) The pulmonary valve prevents backflow from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle. C) The tricuspid valve prevents backflow from the right ventricle into the right atrium.
Urine, the liquid waste product of the body, travels from the kidneys to the bladder through tubes called:
- A. Ureters
- B. Urethra
- C. Nephrons
- D. Renal pelvis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Ureters.' Ureters are tubes that connect each kidney to the bladder. They transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder for storage before excretion. The urethra, which is not the correct answer, is responsible for carrying urine from the bladder out of the body. Nephrons, another incorrect choice, are microscopic units within the kidneys that filter blood and produce urine. The renal pelvis, also an incorrect choice, is a structure in the kidney where urine collects before moving into the ureters for further passage to the bladder.
Through which part of the digestive system are nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream?
- A. Stomach
- B. Large intestine
- C. Small intestine
- D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The small intestine is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It is where the majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats occurs. The inner lining of the small intestine is covered in tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase the surface area available for absorption. Nutrients are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine and into the bloodstream to be transported to cells throughout the body. The stomach's main role is to break down food through the action of stomach acids and enzymes but does not absorb nutrients. The large intestine primarily absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining indigestible food matter, and the esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach, without being involved in nutrient absorption.
Which type of energy is possessed by an object due to its position or configuration?
- A. Kinetic energy
- B. Thermal energy
- C. Potential energy
- D. Electrical energy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Potential energy is the energy that an object possesses due to its position or configuration. It is considered stored energy that can be converted into other forms of energy to do work. When an object is lifted against gravity or compressed, it gains potential energy. Kinetic energy, the incorrect choice A, is the energy of motion possessed by an object. Thermal energy, the incorrect choice B, is related to the temperature of an object due to the motion of its particles. Electrical energy, the incorrect choice D, is related to the flow of electric charge in a circuit or system. Therefore, the correct answer is potential energy as it is associated with an object's position or configuration.
Homologous structures are similar structures in different organisms that have a common evolutionary origin. An example is:
- A. Butterfly wings and bird wings (analogous structures with different origins)
- B. The arm of a human, the wing of a bat, and the flipper of a whale
- C. The eyes of an octopus and a human (convergent evolution with different origins)
- D. The stinger of a bee and the barb of a cactus (unrelated structures)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Homologous structures are similar structures found in different organisms that share a common evolutionary origin. The arm of a human, the wing of a bat, and the flipper of a whale are all examples of homologous structures. Despite serving different functions, they share a common underlying structure due to their evolutionary relationship, evidencing a shared ancestry. These structures are modified over time to suit the specific needs of each species. Option A (Butterfly wings and bird wings) refers to analogous structures with different origins. Option C (The eyes of an octopus and a human) describes convergent evolution where traits evolve independently. Option D (The stinger of a bee and the barb of a cactus) are unrelated structures.