Nokea
Which regions have the lowest rates of death due to poor air quality?
- A. The United States
- B. Greenland
- C. Eastern Europe (Poland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic)
- D. India
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Greenland, with its sparse population and minimal industry, has low air pollution-related deaths.
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Behavioral problems in which the person exhibits symptoms suggesting physical disease or injury, but for which there is no identifiable cause, are called
- A. mood disorders
- B. schizophrenia
- C. organic brain pathologies
- D. somatoform disorders
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Somatoform disorders feature physical complaints without medical explanation.
A depressed patient is receiving imipramine (Tofranil) 300 mg daily. Which side effect requires seeking medical attention?
- A. Dry mouth
- B. Blurred vision
- C. Nasal congestion
- D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Urinary retention. Imipramine is known to cause anticholinergic side effects, such as urinary retention. This side effect is serious and requires immediate medical attention to prevent complications like bladder distention or urinary tract infections. Dry mouth and blurred vision are common but less urgent side effects of imipramine, while nasal congestion is not typically associated with this medication. Thus, urinary retention stands out as the side effect requiring immediate medical attention among the choices provided.
The nurse is working with a patient diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which assessment is most important?
- A. Monitor electrolyte levels and cardiac function.
- B. Observe for compulsive eating behaviors.
- C. Track the patient's ability to self-regulate food intake.
- D. Assess for symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with bulimia nervosa are at risk for electrolyte imbalances and cardiac issues due to purging behaviors. Monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function is crucial for early detection and intervention. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on behaviors rather than potential medical complications. Option C is less critical than monitoring electrolytes and cardiac function. Option D, although important, is not as immediately critical as monitoring electrolyte levels and cardiac function in this context.
A student nurse visiting a senior center says, 'It's depressing to see these old people. They are weak and frail. I doubt any of them can engage in a discussion.' The student is expressing
- A. reality
- B. ageism
- C. empathy
- D. vulnerability
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ageism. The student nurse's statement demonstrates prejudice and discrimination based on age. Ageism is the negative stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination against individuals or groups based on their age. In this case, the student is making assumptions about the abilities and worth of older individuals solely based on their age. The statement does not reflect reality, as not all older people are weak or unable to engage in meaningful discussions. The other choices are incorrect as the statement is not reflective of reality (A), empathy (C), or vulnerability (D).
The sibling of a patient who was diagnosed with a serious mental illness asks why a case manager has been assigned. The nurses reply should cite the major advantage of the use of case management as:
- A. The case manager can modify traditional psychotherapy for homeless patients so that it is more flexible.
- B. Case managers coordinate services and help with accessing them, making sure the patients needs are met.
- C. The case manager can focus on social skills training and esteem building in the real world where the patient lives.
- D. Having a case manager has been shown to reduce hospitalizations, which prevents disruption and saves money.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Case managers coordinate services and access (B), overcoming obstacles for the mentally ill, making it the primary advantage. Other options (A, C, D) are less central to their role.