Nokea
Which remarks by a 72-year-old patient should prompt the nurse to assess for depression? Select one tha does not apply.
- A. Lately I have had a lot of aches and pains and just havent felt very well.
- B. People are in and out of my room all day and all night taking my things.
- C. Dont ask me to eat. I cant because my stomach is upset all the time.
- D. Im eating more than usual, and I am sleeping about 6 hours a night.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Somatic symptoms (A), delusions of persecution (B), and nihilistic delusions (C) are common in late-onset depression, warranting assessment. Increased appetite and contentment (D, E) do not suggest depression.
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Sensory experiences that occur in the absence of a stimulus are called
- A. illusions
- B. hallucinations
- C. delusions
- D. affect episodes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations are perceptions without stimuli, distinct from illusions (misinterpretations).
The most common eating disorder seen in patients presenting to hospital in Singapore is:
- A. Anorexia Nervosa
- B. Bulimia Nervosa
- C. Binge-Eating Disorder
- D. ARFID
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anorexia Nervosa is the most common eating disorder requiring hospital presentation in Singapore due to its severity and medical complications.
Which of the following is a critical aspect of nursing care for patients with anorexia nervosa?
- A. Encouraging weight loss to avoid complications from obesity.
- B. Promoting normalization of eating habits and nutritional rehabilitation.
- C. Restricting fluid intake to reduce risk of water retention.
- D. Avoiding any pressure for the patient to gain weight rapidly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Promoting normalization of eating habits and nutritional rehabilitation. This is critical in anorexia nervosa treatment to address malnutrition and restore a healthy relationship with food. Encouraging weight loss (A) is inappropriate as these patients are already underweight. Restricting fluid intake (C) can worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Avoiding pressure for rapid weight gain (D) is important, but the primary focus should be on promoting healthy eating habits and gradual weight restoration. By focusing on normalization of eating habits and nutritional rehabilitation, nurses can help patients with anorexia nervosa recover physically and mentally.
A nurse interviews a patient abducted and raped at gunpoint by an unknown assailant. The patient says, "I can't talk about it. Nothing happened. I have to forget."Â What is the patient's present coping strategy?
- A. Somatization
- B. Repression
- C. Projection
- D. Denial
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Denial. The patient's statement of "I can't talk about it. Nothing happened. I have to forget" indicates a denial coping strategy. Denial is a defense mechanism where individuals refuse to acknowledge a stressful situation or event. In this case, the patient is attempting to block out the traumatic experience of being abducted and raped by denying its existence. This coping mechanism helps the individual temporarily avoid the emotional distress associated with the event.
A: Somatization involves expressing emotional distress through physical symptoms, which is not evident in the patient's statement.
B: Repression is the unconscious blocking of unpleasant memories, whereas the patient is consciously trying to forget the event.
C: Projection involves attributing one's own thoughts or feelings to others, which is not demonstrated in the patient's statement.
In summary, the patient's use of denial as a coping strategy is evident in their attempt to minimize the traumatic experience by refusing to acknowledge it.
The Freudian explanation of anxiety disorders emphasizes
- A. the avoidance paradox
- B. learned habits of self-defeating behavior
- C. forbidden impulses that threaten a loss of control
- D. the development of a faulty or inaccurate self-image and distorted self-perceptions
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Freud viewed anxiety as stemming from repressed impulses threatening to surface, disrupting control.