Nokea
Which response by the nurse best explains why insulin must be given subcutaneously?
- A. The oral form of insulin can lead to the worsening of diabetes.
- B. The oral form of insulin is not yet available for use.
- C. Insulin is a protein that is destroyed by digestive enzymes.
- D. Insulin given by the oral route causes severe vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin is a protein hormone that would be broken down by digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract if taken orally, rendering it ineffective. Subcutaneous administration ensures it reaches the bloodstream intact.
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. A new mother of a full-term, 7-lb newborn asks the nurse how to ensure that her baby is taking the correct amount of formula at each feeding. The nurse explains that the infant needs approximately 3 ounces of fluid per pound of body weight per day. How many ounces of formula should her infant be eating every 4 hours? _________ ounces (Record your answer to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 3.5
Rationale: Multiplying 3 oz by 7 lb = 21 oz/day. Dividing 21 oz by 6 feedings (every 4 hours) = 3.5 oz per feeding.
The nurse correctly advises the parents to avoid administering medications containing which ingredient to their child who has hemophilia?
- A. Acetaminophen
- B. Aspirin
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Penicillin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin inhibits platelet function and increases bleeding risk, which is dangerous for a child with hemophilia, a condition characterized by impaired clotting.
The mother of a healthy 15-hour-old term newborn asks the nurse if the PKU blood test could be completed now on her infant because she and her infant are being discharged to home. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
- A. The PKU test must be completed when the infant is at least 1 month of age.
- B. The parents must be required to obtain the test within the first week after discharge if completed before 24 hours of age.
- C. The PKU test is best if completed after the infant is 24 hours old but before 7 days of age.
- D. The PKU test is not needed if the infant is tolerating feedings without diarrhea or vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PKU test is most accurate after 24 hours and before 7 days allowing sufficient protein intake. Early discharge requires follow-up testing and feeding tolerance doesn’t exempt testing.
Which information regarding the use of aspirin is best for the nurse to discuss with the client?
- A. Aspirin should be discarded if not used within 2 years of first being opened.
- B. Aspirin can cause a slight ringing in the ears that will go away eventually.
- C. If aspirin alone does not help, take one or two ibuprofen (Advil) along with the aspirin.
- D. It is best to take aspirin with food to prevent GI upset.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking aspirin with food reduces the risk of gastrointestinal upset, a common side effect, making it a key point for safe use.
A primipara presents one week after delivery. She is tearful,has spells of cry and lack of appetite and sleep. What is the most likely diagnosis:
- A. Anaemia.
- B. Post-natal depression.
- C. Schizophrenia.
- D. Maniac disorders.
- E. High grade fever.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Post-natal depression is common in the first weeks postpartum presenting with tearfulness appetite loss and sleep disturbances. Other diagnoses are less likely without specific symptoms.