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Which scenario best illustrates scapegoating within a family?
- A. The identified patient sends messages of aggression to selected family members.
- B. Family members project problems of the family onto one particular family member.
- C. The identified patient threatens separation from the family to induce feelings of isolation and despair.
- D. Family members give the identified patient nonverbal messages that conflict with verbal messages.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scapegoating projects blame for family problems onto a member who is less powerful. The purpose of this projection is to distract from issues or dysfunctional behaviors in the members of the family.
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Which term describes the inner conversation that accompanies thinking?
- A. Transacting
- B. Looking glass self
- C. Language
- D. Minding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Language supports the inner dialogue of thought (Vygotsky).
The theorist who believes humans have inherent worth is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. B.F. Skinner
- D. Albert Bandura
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rogers' humanistic theory asserts inherent human worth.
You are planning discharge education for your client who has a new colostomy. Which complication of a colostomy should you educate this client about?
- A. A prolapsed stoma
- B. A vitamin B12 deficiency
- C. Nocturnal enuresis
- D. Gl stone formation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A prolapsed stoma (A) is a common colostomy complication.
In which stage children have not developed the ability to acknowledge that others may have different experiences:
- A. Pre-operational
- B. Concrete operational
- C. Sensorimotor
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the preoperational stage (2-7 years), children exhibit egocentrism, per Piaget.
Attempting to calm an angry client by using 'talk therapy' is an example of which of the following clients' rights?
- A. The right to privacy
- B. The right to refuse medication
- C. The right to the least-restrictive treatment alternative
- D. The right to confidentiality
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using 'talk therapy' to de-escalate an angry client is a non-intrusive, least-restrictive approach to treatment, prioritizing the client's autonomy and minimizing physical intervention, aligning with option c.