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Which scenario places a toddler at risk for injury?
- A. Toddler playing with his preschool sibling’s toy
- B. Mop and a bucket of clean water in the kitchen
- C. Cup of hot coffee on the kitchen counter
- D. Twenty-five-pound toddler sitting in a forward-facing car seat in the back seat of a car
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hot coffee can cause burns and is a significant risk factor for toddler injury.
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A nurse is using a sweat test to screen people for cystic fibrosis. Which of the following results demonstrates poor sensitivity?
- A. When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are negative, but the six individuals actually have cystic fibrosis
- B. When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are positive, but the six individuals do not actually have cystic fibrosis
- C. When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are negative, and the six individuals really do not have cystic fibrosis
- D. When 6 out of every 10 sweat tests performed are positive, and the six individuals really do have cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Poor sensitivity means that individuals who actually have the condition are missed (false negatives), as seen when the test incorrectly identifies them as negative.
Erikson’s theory of development: Who has achieved ego integrity vs. despair?
- A. "72-year-old man who is reluctant to retire."
- B. "78-year-old woman scheduling her third facelift."
- C. "80-year-old man who made funeral arrangements."
- D. "67-year-old woman depressed about not being promoted."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ego integrity involves accepting aging and preparing for the inevitable, such as making funeral arrangements.
A nurse has developed a family nursing diagnosis. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this action?
- A. Describes the strengths of the family
- B. Allows for creation of goals for the family
- C. Promotes behavioral change among family members
- D. Validates health problems with the family
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A family nursing diagnosis helps identify and validate the family’s health issues, forming the basis for the development of appropriate interventions and goals.
What would be the best way for a parent to explain to a toddler that he needs to receive the influenza vaccine at today’s appointment?
- A. “You need the shot to keep you healthy. You will feel a little pinch when you get the shot.”
- B. “You need the shot to prevent the flu. They will use a small needle to administer the shot. It will not take long.”
- C. “You need a shot, but don’t worry, you won’t feel a thing.”
- D. “No, you will not get any needles today.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Honest and simple explanations about what the toddler will experience help them prepare for the shot.
A community health nurse most effectively preserves the health of a person with tuberculosis (TB) and the community by:
- A. Administering and reading the purified protein derivative (PPD) of all close contacts
- B. Providing direct observed therapy (DOT) for the individual with TB
- C. Isolating the person because it is likely drug resistant
- D. Telling the person to wear a mask when leaving the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Direct observed therapy (DOT) ensures the patient takes the full course of medication, preventing the spread of TB.