Nokea
Which should the nurse expect of a patient with a malabsorption of vitamin K?
- A. Anemia
- B. Excess platelet production
- C. Increased coagulation time
- D. Elevated for infection due to diminished white blood cell count
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prothrombin times are increased because malabsorption of vitamin K or inability to produce the clotting factors VII, IX, and X cause the patient to have bleeding tendencies.
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Viral hepatitis may be treated at home. Which should be taught to the patient's family?
- A. Clothes should be laundered separately with hot water.
- B. Personal items and drinking glasses should not be shared.
- C. Articles soiled with feces do not require extra care.
- D. Hands need to be thoroughly washed after toileting.
- E. Contaminated items may be disposed of with regular trash.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: For the patient with viral hepatitis being cared for in the home, the family needs to be taught necessary precautions. Clothes should be laundered separately with hot water. Personal items used by the patient should not be shared. Articles soiled with feces must be disinfected. Any contaminated items should be disposed of properly.
Immediately following a liver biopsy, the patient becomes dyspneic, the pulse increases to 100, and no breath sounds can be heard on the affected side. Which will the nurse suspect?
- A. Peritonitis
- B. Pneumothorax
- C. Hemorrhage of the liver
- D. Pleural effusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pneumothorax is a possible complication of a liver biopsy. These signs and symptoms need to be reported to the health care provider immediately.
The tumor marker that is elevated in patients with pancreatic cancer is
Correct Answer: CA19-9
Rationale: The tumor marker CA19-9 is elevated in the presence of pancreatic cancer.
The patient's cirrhosis of the liver has also caused a dilation of the veins of the lower esophagus secondary to portal hypertension, resulting in the development of which complication?
- A. esophageal varices.
- B. diverticulosis.
- C. Crohn disease.
- D. esophageal reflux (GERD).
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Esophageal varices (a complex of longitudinal, tortuous veins at the lower end of the esophagus) enlarge and become edematous as the result of portal hypertension.
Which is an indication for a liver transplant?
- A. Congenital biliary abnormalities
- B. Hepatic malignancy
- C. Chronic hepatitis
- D. Cirrhosis due to alcoholism
- E. Gallbladder disease
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Indications for liver transplantation include congenital biliary abnormalities, inborn errors of metabolism, hepatic malignancy (confined to the liver), sclerosing cholangitis, and chronic end-stage liver disease.