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Which statement best demonstrates a combination of leadership and management skills when teaching a client with uncontrolled diabetes?
- A. Although you have learned to check your blood sugar every morning, it is also important to recognize its overall effect on your health.'
- B. Once you have the lancet in the device, hold it against the finger and press the button.'
- C. Because Thanksgiving is next week, evaluate the amount of simple sugars in the desserts and eat those in moderation.'
- D. I will notify your health care provider of your blood glucose reading and request a referral for a dietitian to improve your knowledge of calorie-controlled diets.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to acknowledge that the client has learned to check their blood sugar but also to stress the importance of recognizing the blood sugar level's overall effect on the client's health. Teaching the client how to obtain a glucose level and providing feedback uses management but not leadership. Providing teaching about simple sugars, notifying the client's health care provider, and requesting a referral for a dietitian are all examples of managing the client's care but do not address seeing the big picture, which is characteristic of leadership.
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The leader is making all the decisions for the group. Which type of leadership is being exhibited?
- A. Authoritarian
- B. Democratic
- C. Laissez-faire
- D. Multicratic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Authoritarian leadership entails strong control by the manager over the work group. Democratic leadership involves more participation in decision-making by the work group. Laissez-faire leadership involves the least structure and control. Multicratic leadership allows a leader to determine which approach is best for a particular circumstance.
A nurse is caring for a client with stage IV colon cancer and multiple-stage two wounds on the coccyx area. The client confides feeling very weak and wanting to discontinue further aggressive treatment. Which nursing action best demonstrates the nurse in the role of the client advocate?
- A. The nurse relays the message to the physician and requests an antidepressant.
- B. The nurse asks the client how might their family feel with this decision.
- C. The nurse sits with the client and suggests that the client reconsider.
- D. The nurse offers to be present to support the client at a family meeting.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Advocacy means promoting the cause of another person. The nurse functions as a client advocate by supporting the client and the client's decisions. Offering to support the client as the client expresses healthcare decisions is the best example of a client advocate. Relaying the message to the physician and asking for an antidepressant does not demonstrate supporting the client. Opening conversation related to family response is appropriate for discussion but is not the best choice to support the client. The nurse would not ask the client to reconsider because this is a block to communication.
The LPN on the clinical unit is discussing client medication administration. The medication nurse states, 'I crushed the medication because the nurse on the prior shift told me to do it.' This statement indicates a lack of which of the following?
- A. Responsibility
- B. Management
- C. Accountability
- D. Leadership
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Accountability means being answerable for one's actions. Following another's actions and using that as a rationale is not being accountable for the action taken. Responsibility is the duty or assignment to a specific task. Management entails assigning functions to meet particular objectives. Leadership provides guidance to achieve common goals.
A nurse manager who denies vacation time to an employee who failed to meet expectations is exhibiting what type of power?
- A. Legitimate
- B. Coercive
- C. Reward
- D. Referent
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coercive power is the ability to threaten or punish someone who fails to meet expectations. Legitimate power is obtained through a designated position. Reward power occurs when a person attains power through the ability to grant favors or rewards. Referent power is the power a person has because of an association with others who are powerful.
The nurse is caring for pediatric clients on an oncology unit. The unit is experiencing a renovation, and the nurse manager is requesting suggestions for placement of the nurse's station with the goal of close pediatric client access. Which type of leadership style is the nurse manager employing?
- A. Political leadership style
- B. Democratic leadership style
- C. Laissez-faire leadership style
- D. Authoritarian leadership style
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a manager uses the democratic leadership style, the manager welcomes participation in decision making with a goal of consensus and teamwork. Political leadership is not a nursing leadership style. Laissez-faire leadership is a leadership style that involves little structure and guidance. Authoritarian leadership is a leadership style in which the manager has strong control over the work group.