Nokea
Which statement by a nurse indicates a good understanding about the differences between data validation and data interpretation?
- A. “Data interpretation occurs before data validation.”
- B. “Validation involves looking for patterns in professional standards.”
- C. “Validation involves comparing data with other sources for accuracy.”
- D. “Data interpretation involves discovering patterns in professional standards.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because data validation involves comparing data with other sources to ensure accuracy. This step ensures that the data is reliable and error-free. Option A is incorrect as data validation typically comes after data collection and cleaning, which precede data interpretation. Option B is incorrect as validation does not specifically focus on professional standards but rather on accuracy and consistency. Option D is incorrect as data interpretation involves analyzing and deriving insights from the validated data, not looking for patterns in professional standards.
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Which of the following measures will not help correct the patient’s condition
- A. Offer large amount of oral fluid intake to replace fluid lost
- B. Give enteral or parenteral fluid
- C. Frequent oral care
- D. Give small volumes of fluid at frequent interval
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Providing oral care does not directly address fluid balance or hydration status.
2. Oral care focuses on maintaining oral hygiene and preventing infections.
3. Choices A, B, and D all involve fluid intake to address dehydration.
4. Offering large amounts of fluid, enteral or parenteral fluids, and small volumes at frequent intervals all aim to correct the patient's condition by replenishing lost fluids.
Summary:
Choice C is incorrect because oral care does not directly address the patient's dehydration. Choices A, B, and D are better options as they focus on fluid replacement to correct the patient's condition.
Why does emotional counselling or helping the client perform common daily activities become important nursing care interventions in clients with Parkinson’s or Huntington’s diseases, or even epilepsy?
- A. Because clients suffer from depression, anxiety, and inability to perform basic self care
- B. Because clients become paralytic throughout the body
- C. Because the clients bone become weak, brittle, and painful to even move
- D. Because clients generally become very aggressive and violent with other people CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients with Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, or epilepsy often experience emotional challenges such as depression and anxiety due to the impact of their conditions on their daily lives. Emotional counseling helps address these issues. Additionally, these clients may struggle with basic self-care activities due to motor and cognitive deficits, making it crucial for nurses to assist them in performing daily tasks.
Choice B is incorrect as clients with these conditions may experience paralysis or motor impairments, but it is not a universal symptom. Choice C is incorrect because the question does not mention bone issues in Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, or epilepsy. Choice D is incorrect as aggression and violence are not common symptoms in clients with these neurologic deficits.
A community nurse will perform chest physiotherapy for Mrs. Dy every 3 hours. It is important for the nurse to:
- A. slap the chest wall gently
- B. use vibration techniques to move secretions from affected lung areas during the inspiration phase
- C. perform CPT at least two hours after meals
- D. plan apical drainage at the beginning of the CPT session
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because performing chest physiotherapy (CPT) at least two hours after meals helps prevent aspiration during the procedure. This timing reduces the risk of vomiting or regurgitation of food during CPT, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. Slapping the chest wall gently (A) may not effectively clear secretions. Using vibration techniques (B) is not typically recommended for routine CPT. Planning apical drainage at the beginning of the session (D) is not necessary as it is not a standard practice for CPT.
A female client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receives family-planning counseling. Which statement about safer sex practices for persons with HIV is accurate?
- A. If the client and her sexual partners are HIV positive, unprotected sex is permitted
- B. A latex condom with spermicide provides the best protection against HIV transmission during sexual intercourse
- C. Contraceptive methods like birth control pills, implants, and injections are recommended to prevent HIV transmission
- D. The intrauterine device is recommended for a client with HIV
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A latex condom with spermicide provides the best protection against HIV transmission during sexual intercourse.
Rationale:
1. Latex condoms create a physical barrier that helps prevent the exchange of bodily fluids containing HIV.
2. Spermicide can further reduce the risk of HIV transmission by killing some viruses and bacteria.
3. Research shows that consistent and correct use of condoms is highly effective in reducing the risk of HIV transmission.
4. Other choices are incorrect:
- A: Unprotected sex between HIV-positive individuals can lead to the transmission of drug-resistant strains or different strains of HIV.
- C: Contraceptive methods like birth control pills do not protect against HIV transmission.
- D: The intrauterine device is not specifically recommended for clients with HIV due to potential risks of infection.
Which of the ff instructions should a nurse give a client with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma who is being treated with radiation and chemotherapy?
- A. Increase fluid intake
- B. Intake low-fat meals
- C. Intake soft, bland foods
- D. Intake food rich in folic acid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake. This is important for a client undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma to prevent dehydration, help flush out toxins, and support kidney function. Increasing fluid intake can also help manage side effects like nausea and vomiting. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because low-fat meals, soft bland foods, and foods rich in folic acid are not specifically indicated for clients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.