Nokea
Which statement by a patient with diabetes indicates an understanding of the medication insulin glargine injection (Lantus)?
- A. Lantus causes weight loss.
- B. Lantus is used only at night.
- C. The duration of Lantus is six hours.
- D. There is no peak time for Lantus.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lantus is a long-acting insulin with no distinct peak action.
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While caring for a client with extensive partial and full-thickness burns of the head, neck, and chest, which risk should the nurse prioritize for assessment and intervention?
- A. Airway obstruction
- B. Infection
- C. Fluid imbalance
- D. Paralytic ileus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Airway obstruction. This should be prioritized because burns to the head, neck, and chest can lead to swelling and inflammation, potentially compromising the airway. Maintaining a clear airway is crucial for oxygenation and ventilation. If the airway becomes obstructed, it can quickly lead to respiratory distress or failure. Assessing for signs of airway compromise and intervening promptly is essential to prevent serious complications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while infection, fluid imbalance, and paralytic ileus are also important considerations in burn care, they are not as immediately life-threatening as airway obstruction in this case. Infection can be managed with appropriate wound care, fluid imbalance can be addressed with fluid resuscitation, and paralytic ileus can be treated with medications and bowel management strategies.
In assigning patients with alterations related to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, which would be the most appropriate nursing care tasks to assign to the LPN/LVN, under supervision of the team leader RN?
- A. A patient with severe anemia secondary to GI bleeding.
- B. A patient who needs enemas and antibiotics to control GI bacteria.
- C. A patient who needs pre-op teaching for bowel resection surgery.
- D. A patient who needs central line insertion for chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering enemas and antibiotics involves routine tasks that LPNs/LVNs are trained to perform, whereas the other options require advanced skills or supervision.
Which of the following imbalances should the nurse check for in a pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias?
- A. Metabolic acidosis
- B. Hypomagnesemia
- C. Hypernatremia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypomagnesemia is commonly associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension and can contribute to cardiac dysrhythmias. Magnesium plays a critical role in neuromuscular function and electrolyte balance.
In teaching parents to associate prevention with the lifestyle of their child with sickle cell disease, the nurse should emphasize that a priority for their child is to:
- A. Avoid overheating during physical activities.
- B. Maintain normal activity with some restrictions.
- C. Be cautious of others with viruses or temperatures.
- D. Maintain routine immunizations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immunizations protect against infections that can trigger crises.
12. When discussing herbal therapy with a patient, what should the nurse advise the patient?
- A. Preparations should be purchased only from reputable manufacturers.
- B. Herbs rarely cause harm or side effects because they are natural plants.
- C. Herbs are safe and there are no known contraindications to the use of herbal therapy.
- D. Most herbal preparations have been clinically tested for safety and efficacy before marketing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A emphasizes the importance of purchasing herbal preparations from reputable sources to ensure quality and safety, which is crucial advice for patients.