NCLEX Questions for Neurological System

NCLEX Questions for Neurological System Related

Review NCLEX Questions for Neurological System related questions and content

Which statement concerning the areas of the brain is true?

  • A. The cerebellum is the center for speech and emotions.
  • B. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
  • C. The basal ganglia are responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
  • D. Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem synapse in the thalamus.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis, including regulating body temperature and controlling sleep patterns. It acts as a thermostat for the body, adjusting temperature through various mechanisms. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in the sleep-wake cycle by influencing the production of sleep-inducing hormones.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: The cerebellum is not the center for speech and emotions; it is primarily involved in coordination and movement control.
C: The basal ganglia are responsible for coordinating motor movements and are not directly involved in voluntary movements.
D: Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem do not synapse in the thalamus; they synapse in the brainstem and spinal cord itself.

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The job of the Nervous System is:

  • A. to receive stimulus as sensory input.
  • B. integration of stimulus with reaction.
  • C. to trigger action as a motor response or motor output.
  • D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nervous system performs three primary functions: receiving sensory input, integrating and processing this input, and triggering motor responses. Sensory input involves detecting stimuli from the environment or within the body. Integration occurs in the brain and spinal cord, where information is processed. Motor output involves sending signals to muscles or glands to produce a response. Therefore, the nervous system's job encompasses all these functions, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.

A 30-year-old female presents with muscle weakness in the lower extremities and palpitations. Her symptoms have been progressively worse over the course of a 2 weeks. She reports to be in great health, but had a period of abdominal pain and diarrhea approximately 5 weeks ago. Her temperature is 98.9 deg F (37.2 deg C), blood pressure 117/82 mmHg, pulse is 102/min, and respirations are 16/min. On physical exam, there is 4-/5 muscle strength throughout the lower extremities. Bilateral patellar reflexes are 1+ and ankle reflexes are absent. Lumbar puncture was performed, and results are pending. Part 1: What is the most likely diagnosis?

  • A. Polymyositis
  • B. Guillain-Barre syndrome
  • C. Hypokalemia
  • D. Myasthenia gravis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient's presentation of progressive weakness, areflexia, and a history of recent gastrointestinal infection is classic for Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). GBS is an autoimmune disorder that often follows an infection and leads to demyelination of peripheral nerves. Polymyositis and myasthenia gravis do not typically cause areflexia, and hypokalemia would present with generalized weakness rather than a ascending paralysis.

Which finding should the nursing assistant report immediately for a patient with a fractured fibula receiving skeletal traction?

  • A. The patient wants to change position in bed.
  • B. There is redness around the pin sites.
  • C. The patient asks for a glass of water.
  • D. The patient mentions feeling hungry.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Redness around pin sites could indicate infection or poor circulation.

During the physical assessment of the patient with early to moderate RA, what should the nurse expect to find?

  • A. Hepatomegaly
  • B. Heberden's nodes
  • C. Spindle-shaped fingers
  • D. Crepitus on joint movement
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Spindle-shaped fingers are characteristic of RA.

The fifth cranial nerve supplies

  • A. Temporalis
  • B. Skin of the tip of the nose via the external nasal branch of the maxillary nerve
  • C. Skin of the earlobe via the auriculotemporal nerve
  • D. Skin over the occiput
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal nerve supplies motor fibers to the temporalis muscle, which is involved in mastication. It also provides sensory innervation to the lower face.

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