Nokea
Which number represents the medulla oblongata? (Figure 3)
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 5
- D. 8
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number 8 represents the medulla oblongata because it is the lower part of the brainstem that controls vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. The medulla oblongata is essential for maintaining life and ensuring the proper functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
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Which of these patients in the neurologic ICU will be best to assign to an RN who has floated from the medical unit?
- A. A 26-year-old patient with a basilar skull fracture who has clear drainage coming out of the nose
- B. A 42-year-old patient admitted several hours ago with a headache and diagnosed with a ruptured berry aneurysm
- C. A 46-year-old patient who was admitted 48 hours ago with bacterial meningitis and has an antibiotic dose due
- D. A 65-year-old patient with an astrocytoma who has just returned to the unit after having a craniotomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A stable patient receiving antibiotics is more appropriate for an RN floating from another unit.
The autonomic nervous system includes any of the following EXCEPT:
- A. hypothalamus
- B. paravertebral sympathetic trunk
- C. vagal nerve
- D. cerebral cortex
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cerebral cortex is the correct answer because the autonomic nervous system (ANS) primarily consists of the hypothalamus, brainstem, and peripheral nerves, which regulate involuntary bodily functions. The cerebral cortex, however, is involved in higher cognitive functions and voluntary motor control, and is not part of the ANS.
Which of the following are the parts of neurons?
- A. brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column
- B. dendrite, axon, and cell body
- C. sensory and motor
- D. cortex, medulla and sheath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and consist of three main parts: dendrites, axons, and the cell body. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, the cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and the axon transmits signals to other neurons or target cells. These components work together to facilitate communication within the nervous system, enabling sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive functions.
What advice must the nurse give to prevent recurrence of insect bites?
- A. Prevent strenuous exercises by the client when outdoors.
- B. Apply insect repellant to clothing and exposed skin.
- C. Wear thick woolen clothing to cover the skin while outdoors.
- D. Avoid giving daily baths to the client with soaps.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insect repellants are effective in preventing bites.
Patients with a history of osteoporosis have an increased risk for
- A. Infection in the bone.
- B. Peripheral blood clot formation.
- C. Painful joint inflammation.
- D. Fracture formation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Osteoporosis weakens bones making them more prone to fractures.