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Which statement describes the actions of a nurse who follows Nightingale's Environmental Theory?
- A. Identifying strategies to reduce climate change
- B. Encouraging the use of public transportation
- C. Promoting environmental justice for all people
- D. Using the client's environment to assist in recovery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Nightingale's Environmental Theory emphasizes the importance of the environment in promoting health and recovery. By using the client's environment to assist in recovery, the nurse is applying Nightingale's principles of creating a healing environment. Choices A, B, and C focus on broader environmental issues, which are important but not directly related to Nightingale's theory of nursing. The nurse's primary focus should be on utilizing the immediate environment to support the client's healing process.
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A public health nurse has developed a research question and searched the literature for supporting
- A. In which step of evidence-based decision-making would the nurse compile the research findings and identify specific trends in the data?
- B. Defining the problem
- C. Synthesizing the literature
- D. Appraising the literature
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Synthesizing the literature. In evidence-based decision-making, synthesizing the literature involves compiling research findings and identifying specific trends in the data. This step allows the nurse to analyze and interpret the information gathered from various sources to draw meaningful conclusions and make informed decisions. Defining the problem (choice B) is the initial step of evidence-based decision-making. Appraising the literature (choice D) comes after synthesizing, where the nurse evaluates the quality and relevance of the gathered evidence. Choices E, F, and G are not applicable in this context.
While conducting a literature review for an evidence-based project, the nurse recognizes that which type of study represents the lowest level of evidence?
- A. Case reports
- B. Cohort studies
- C. Randomized control trials
- D. Cross-sectional studies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Case reports. Case reports represent the lowest level of evidence because they are anecdotal, describing observations of individual cases without control groups or systematic data collection. They lack generalizability and are subject to bias. Cohort studies (B), randomized control trials (C), and cross-sectional studies (D) are higher levels of evidence with more rigorous study designs and stronger ability to establish causation and relationships between variables. Cohort studies follow a group over time, RCTs involve random allocation of participants into groups, and cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of a population at a specific point in time.
A nurse in a family practice clinic is screening an adolescent client for idiopathic scoliosis. Which of the following assessments should the nurse perform as part of this screening?
- A. Measure the truncal rotation
- B. Administered 8 u regular insulin sq
- C. Determine if the stockings are binding
- D. Arrange for an ethics committee meeting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Measure the truncal rotation. When screening for idiopathic scoliosis, assessing truncal rotation is essential as it helps in detecting the presence of spinal curvature. Truncal rotation is a key indicator of scoliosis as the spine rotates along with the curvature. This assessment involves observing the symmetry of the shoulders and scapulae, which can indicate spinal rotation. Therefore, measuring truncal rotation is a crucial step in identifying potential scoliosis in adolescents.
Summary:
B: Administered 8 u regular insulin sq - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to diabetes management.
C: Determine if the stockings are binding - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to circulation issues.
D: Arrange for an ethics committee meeting - Irrelevant to scoliosis screening, this is related to ethical considerations in healthcare.
A nurse is caring for an older client who is struggling to manage her type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize which social determinants of this client's health? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Household income of $23,000 per year
- B. Reading level of a third grader
- C. Medication ineffective due to error in prescription
- D. Originally from Sudan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Household income of $23,000 per year. This is a social determinant of health because low income can impact access to healthy foods, medications, and healthcare services, affecting diabetes management. Choice B, reading level, is related to health literacy but not specifically a social determinant in this scenario. Choice C, medication error, is a healthcare system issue. Choice D, origin from Sudan, is related to cultural background but not directly a social determinant affecting diabetes management.
A nurse manager wants to facilitate incorporation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the clinical setting. Which of the following would be the best strategy to accomplish this goal?
- A. Eliminate all protocols and standards that are not evidence base
- C. Encourage group reflection on the ideals and expectations of nursing car
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage group reflection on the ideals and expectations of nursing care. This strategy promotes a collaborative approach to understanding and implementing EBP. Group reflection fosters critical thinking, stimulates discussion, and encourages shared decision-making, leading to a deeper understanding and acceptance of EBP within the team. It also promotes a culture of continuous learning and improvement.
Eliminating all protocols not evidence-based (option A) may hinder current practice and create resistance. Without alternatives listed for other choices, it is challenging to provide detailed explanations for their incorrectness.