Concepts of Family Health Care

Concepts of Family Health Care Related

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Which statement describes the basis of an ethical dilemma?

  • A. It's so difficult when the client doesn't agree with the treatment team.'
  • B. The client insists on behaving in a manner that will likely cause him injury.'
  • C. It's difficult to determine who makes decisions for an incompetent client without a medical surrogate.'
  • D. There are only two treatment choices; both are very painful and neither has a high rate of success.'
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct:
1. An ethical dilemma involves a situation where there is a conflict between two morally acceptable choices.
2. In this scenario, the dilemma is presented as having only two treatment choices which are both painful and have low success rates.
3. The basis of an ethical dilemma is the difficulty in making a decision when faced with two undesirable options.
4. Therefore, option D accurately describes the essence of an ethical dilemma.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
A. Focuses on client-team disagreement, not a true ethical dilemma.
B. Describes a situation of potential harm but not a conflict between two morally acceptable choices.
C. Discusses decision-making for an incompetent client, which is a different ethical issue than presented in the question.

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Is defined as an incompatibility of goals, beliefs, attitudes and behavior

  • A. Resolution
  • B. Self-esteem
  • C. Maladjustment
  • D. Adjustment
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maladjustment is a conflict between internal states and behavior.

Which somatic therapy requires a medical evaluation, review or prior care by two psychiatrists and the need to be recommended for this therapy, informed consent, and can be appropriate for clients who are pregnant?

  • A. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
  • B. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)
  • C. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)
  • D. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). ECT is a somatic therapy that requires a thorough medical evaluation and review by two psychiatrists to determine its appropriateness. It also necessitates being recommended for this therapy, obtaining informed consent, and can be considered safe for pregnant clients. The other choices, B, C, and D, do not require the same level of medical evaluation, review, or recommendation by two psychiatrists. They also may not be considered safe for pregnant individuals, making them less appropriate in this scenario.

Which levels of families can require case management services?

  • A. Level 1 & 2
  • B. Level 3
  • C. All levels
  • D. Level 4
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: All levels may need case management depending on their specific challenges.

Crises occur when an individual:

  • A. Is exposed to a precipitating stressor
  • B. Perceives a stressor to be threatening
  • C. Has no support systems
  • D. Experiences a stressor and perceives coping strategies to be ineffective
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because crises arise when an individual experiences a stressor and perceives their coping strategies to be ineffective. This is supported by the fact that crises involve a sense of overwhelm and inability to manage the situation effectively. Choices A and B focus on the presence and perception of stressors, but without considering the effectiveness of coping strategies. Choice C, lack of support systems, is not the defining factor in determining a crisis; it is the individual's perception of their ability to cope that leads to a crisis. Therefore, D is the most appropriate choice as it directly relates to the individual's ability to handle the stressor effectively.

At what age children smiles at faces:

  • A. Newborns
  • B. 1 months
  • C. 2 months
  • D. 3 months
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Infants begin social smiling at faces around 2 months, reflecting early social engagement.

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