Nokea
Which statement is most accurate regarding delivery of a newborn?
- A. Infants delivered via cesarean section are at lower risk of transitional problems.
- B. Vaginal deliveries increase the risk of infants aspirating lung fluid.
- C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid.
- D. Vaginal deliveries are often avoided in term infants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Cesarean deliveries do not allow for thoracic squeeze of fluid. During vaginal delivery, the infant's thorax undergoes a squeezing motion which helps to expel the amniotic fluid from the lungs, reducing the risk of respiratory issues. In contrast, infants delivered via cesarean section do not experience this thoracic squeeze, potentially leading to a higher risk of respiratory problems.
A is incorrect because infants delivered via cesarean section may actually have higher risks of transitional problems due to the lack of thoracic squeeze. B is incorrect as vaginal deliveries facilitate the natural process of clearing lung fluid. D is incorrect as vaginal deliveries are the preferred method for term infants when possible, as they provide various benefits for both the mother and the baby.
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What condition can result from a long, difficult labor and is characterized by a localized, soft area on the newborn's head?
- A. caput succedaneum
- B. molding
- C. depressed fontanelles
- D. cephalohematoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: caput succedaneum. This condition occurs due to pressure on the baby's head during a long and difficult labor. It is characterized by a soft, localized swelling on the newborn's head. The other choices are incorrect. B: molding refers to the shaping of the baby's head during passage through the birth canal. C: depressed fontanelles indicate dehydration or malnutrition. D: cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between the baby's skull and periosteum, usually due to birth trauma.
The nurse is performing the initial assessment of a newborn and notes retractions, nasal flaring, and tachypnea. The nurse will continue to perform a focused assessment on which system?
- A. Respiratory
- B. Cardiovascular
- C. Gastrointestinal
- D. Musculoskeletal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory. Retractions, nasal flaring, and tachypnea are signs of respiratory distress in a newborn. The nurse should focus on the respiratory system to assess the baby's breathing, lung sounds, oxygen saturation, and overall respiratory status. This is crucial for identifying any potential respiratory issues and providing prompt interventions.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the symptoms described are specific to respiratory distress and do not indicate cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or musculoskeletal issues. Focusing on these systems would not address the immediate concern of respiratory distress in the newborn.
A breastfeeding mother asks the postpartum nurse if any supplementation is necessary once her breast milk comes in. What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
- A. Are you concerned about your ability to adequately nurse your baby?'
- B. Do you eat a well-balanced diet, high in protein and carbohydrates?'
- C. Breast milk is low in vitamin D and supplementation with 400 IU is recommended.'
- D. Your breast milk has all the vitamins and will adequately meet your baby's needs.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because breast milk is indeed low in vitamin D, and supplementation with 400 IU is recommended to ensure the baby's needs are met. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on the mother's concerns rather than the baby's nutritional needs. Choice B is irrelevant to the specific question about vitamin supplementation. Choice D is incorrect as breast milk lacks sufficient vitamin D, necessitating supplementation.
The nurse notices that a 6-hour-old newborn patient's urethral opening is on the dorsal side of the penis. The nurse knows that this is called what?
- A. hypospadias
- B. epispadias
- C. phimosis
- D. unispadias
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: epispadias. In epispadias, the urethral opening is located on the dorsal side of the penis. This condition is a congenital anomaly where the urethra fails to fully close during fetal development. Hypospadias (choice A) is when the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis. Phimosis (choice C) is the inability to retract the foreskin. Unispadias (choice D) is not a recognized medical term. Therefore, the nurse correctly identifies the condition as epispadias due to the specific presentation of the urethral opening on the dorsal side of the penis in the 6-hour-old newborn patient.
When assessing a newborn baby
- A. which action should the nurse perform first?
- B. Auscultate the babys heart and lungs.
- C. Don clean gloves before taking the baby.
- D. Record the parents choice of name.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should observe standard precautions when handling a neonate until all blood and amniotic fluid has been removed to avoid possible infection. Then the nurse can take the baby and suction the babys mouth and then the nares if needed. Auscultating the babys heart and lungs will occur later. The parents may not name the baby immediately but even if they have recording the name would not take priority over using standard precautions to prevent the spread of disease.