Nokea
Which statement is not true?
- A. chloroquine does not extinguish the dormant liver phase in vivax and ovale
- B. malaria is possible even if full prophylaxis is taken
- C. splenomegaly with rupture is possible
- D. a maculopapular rash is characteristic and common
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Malaria's rash rare, not hallmark unlike liver hideouts, prophylaxis slips, spleen bombs, or outpatient fits. Nurses nix this chronic myth.
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Which of the following is the priority nursing intervention for a client experiencing a transfusion reaction?
- A. Stop transfusion immediately
- B. Check vital signs
- C. Notify the provider
- D. Flush the intravenous line
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transfusion reactions hemolytic or allergic kill fast; stopping the infusion halts antigen flood, the priority per ABCs to save life. Vitals, notifying, or flushing follow stopping's first. Nurses act swift, cutting the culprit, a non-negotiable step in this blood-borne crisis, trumping all else.
Which of the following medication is recommended for all patients with NAFLD in improving liver histology?
- A. Statins
- B. Aspirins
- C. Ursodeoxycholic acid
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NAFLD no med fits all; statins, aspirin, ursodiol, E lack universal proof. Nurses skip this chronic blanket pill.
Mr Xavier, a 60-year-old accountant, was recently started on allopurinol 100 mg two months ago. This was increased to 200 mg three weeks ago in your clinic. He informed you that he was diagnosed with UTI and started on ciprofloxacin. Today, he returns to your clinic with maculopapular rashes on his trunk and abdomen. He has a low-grade fever of 37.5°C. Which is the most appropriate next step?
- A. Stop Ciprofloxacin and continue the chronic medications
- B. Prescribe paracetamol for pain relief and switch to Moxifloxacin 500 mg bd instead
- C. Continue medications and check for Dengue serology
- D. Stop Allopurinol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rashes and fever post-allopurinol hike scream drug reaction stopping it nips hypersensitivity, like SJS risk, tied to uric acid meds over cipro's rarer skin hit. Quitting cipro alone misses the likely culprit; swapping antibiotics or dengue checks dodge the drug link; full stop's overkill. Clinicians halt allopurinol, watching this chronic fix's nasty turn, a swift call.
A 50-year-old man diagnosed with leukemia will begin chemotherapy. What would the nurse do to combat the most common adverse effects of chemotherapy?
- A. Administer an antiemetic
- B. Administer an antimetabolite
- C. Administer a tumor antibiotic
- D. Administer an anticoagulant
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemo's nastiest duo nausea and vomiting strike most patients, triggered by gut and brain reactions to drugs like cyclophosphamide. Antiemetics (e.g., ondansetron) preempt this, keeping patients eating and hydrated, a frontline move in oncology. Antimetabolites (like methotrexate) and tumor antibiotics (like doxorubicin) are chemo agents, not side-effect fixes. Anticoagulants dodge clots, not nausea. Nurses prioritize this relief, knowing it's the biggest hurdle to treatment tolerance.
People with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of which of the following disorders, besides type 2 diabetes mellitus?
- A. Hypertension, infections
- B. Myocardial infarction, hypertension
- C. Myocardial infarction, infections
- D. Myocardial infarction, liver cirrhosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome hikes heart attacks, hypertension vascular hits, not infections or cirrhosis extras. Nurses track this, a chronic CV duo.