Nokea
Which statement is true regarding CT and LP in AIDS patients?
- A. they should all have a CT prior to LP
- B. if they have no focal neurology they do not need a CT
- C. if they have a GSC of 15 they do not need a CT
- D. all of the above are true
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AIDS LP CT skips if no focal signs, full GCS, no fever push; all hold. Blanket CT's overkill nurses weigh risks, a chronic brain check dance dodging pressure flops.
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The nurse assesses a client and documents the following findings: edema 2+ bilateral ankles, brown pigmentation of lower extremity skin, aching pain of lower extremities when standing that resolves with elevation, and 2+ pedal pulses. What condition does the client likely have?
- A. Deep vein thrombosis
- B. Raynaud's disease
- C. Venous insufficiency
- D. Peripheral arterial disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Venous insufficiency pools blood 2+ edema, brown pigmentation from hemosiderin, aching relieved by elevation, and decent pulses fit, as veins fail while arteries hold. DVT clots acutely, often unilateral. Raynaud's spasms, not pigments. PAD dims pulses, pains with walking. Nurses peg this chronic venous flop, suggesting hose or elevation, a textbook stasis tale.
At what pressure goal can we optimally slow CKD progression in diabetic nephropathy?
- A. Less than 125/70 mmHg
- B. Less than 125/80 mmHg
- C. Less than 130/80 mmHg
- D. Less than 135/80 mmHg
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetic CKD <130/80 slows scarring best; tighter risks flow, looser misses. Nurses lock this chronic renal pace.
Which of the following medication are utilized to treat peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
- A. Antiplatelet drugs
- B. Diuretics
- C. Antibiotics
- D. Nitroglycerin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PAD's clot risk loves antiplatelets like aspirin thinning blood, easing flow past plaques, a mainstay treatment. Diuretics drop fluid, not PAD's game. Antibiotics fight bugs, not here. Nitroglycerin dilates, less direct. Nurses push antiplatelets, cutting ischemia, a key med in this leg-saving fight.
The nursing considerations that should be applied when assisting diabetics in management of their condition does not include:
- A. BGL monitoring, medications and compliance with treatment and medication
- B. Recognition and early intervention of potential complications
- C. Skin and foot care, including pressure area care when hospitalised
- D. Minimising exercise to prevent fatigue and foot ulcers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetes nursing BGLs, meds, complication spots, skin/foot TLC all key. No exercise? Flops movement cuts sugar, boosts health, not ulcers. Nurses nix this, a chronic active push.
A client states that their legs have pain with walking that decreases with rest. The nurse observes absence of hair on the client's lower extremities and the client has a thread, weakened posterior tibial pulse. What would be the best position to have the client's legs?
- A. Elevated above the heart
- B. Slightly bent with three pillows under the knees
- C. Crossed at the knee
- D. Hanging down
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PAD's claudication pain with walking, eased by rest plus hairless legs and weak pulses cry ischemia. Hanging legs down boosts gravity-fed flow, easing pain, the best position here. Elevation cuts supply, worsening it. Bending or crossing risks pressure. Nurses dangle limbs, enhancing perfusion, a practical fix in this arterial crunch.