Nokea
Which statement is true regarding CT and LP in AIDS patients?
- A. they should all have a CT prior to LP
- B. if they have no focal neurology they do not need a CT
- C. if they have a GSC of 15 they do not need a CT
- D. all of the above are true
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AIDS LP CT skips if no focal signs, full GCS, no fever push; all hold. Blanket CT's overkill nurses weigh risks, a chronic brain check dance dodging pressure flops.
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Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with infective endocarditis?
- A. Bedrest
- B. Antimicrobials
- C. Diet modification
- D. Antihypertensive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Infective endocarditis bacterial valve infection needs antimicrobials to kill pathogens like *Streptococcus*, the root cause, halting damage and sepsis. Bedrest aids recovery but doesn't treat. Diet tweaks support health, not infection. Antihypertensives manage pressure, irrelevant to endocarditis's microbial core. Nurses anticipate antibiotics, often IV for weeks, targeting the source, a priority to save valves and lives in this high-mortality condition, aligning with infectious disease protocols.
The home health nurse is performing a home visit for an oncology patient discharged 3 days ago after completing treatment for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The nurse's assessment should include examination for the signs and symptoms of what complication?
- A. Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)
- B. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
- C. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma's fast cell turnover, plus recent chemo, primes for TLS dead cells dump potassium, phosphorus, and uric acid, risking kidney failure days post-treatment. SIADH (low sodium) and hypercalcemia (bone mets) are less tied to this timeline. DIC's bleeding chaos isn't lymphoma's usual post-chemo hit. Nurses hunt TLS signs fatigue, nausea, arrhythmias knowing it's a fatal oncology curveball if missed early.
The suture material which poses the highest risk of infection is
- A. Vicryl
- B. Chromic gut
- C. Silk
- D. Prolene
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Silk braided, bacteria's nest tops infection risk, not Vicryl, gut's absorb, or slick Prolene, nylon. Nurses stitch this chronic trap warily.
Which of the following is NOT associated with obesity?
- A. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- B. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- C. Increased mortality
- D. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obesity piles on NAFLD, apnea, death risk, back ache; type 1's autoimmune, not fat-driven. Nurses link this chronic weight web, not islet crash.
For a patient with osteogenic sarcoma, you would be particularly vigilant for elevations in which laboratory value?
- A. Sodium
- B. Calcium
- C. Potassium
- D. Hematocrit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteogenic sarcoma, a bone cancer, often triggers hypercalcemia bone destruction releases calcium into blood, risking arrhythmias or kidney damage, a life-threatening shift demanding close watch. Sodium and potassium imbalances aren't bone-specific, more tied to general metabolism or treatment side effects. Hematocrit reflects anemia, common in cancer but not osteogenic sarcoma's hallmark. Calcium's spike, linked to osteolysis, makes it the nurse's focus elevations signal tumor activity or progression, prompting urgent interventions like fluids or bisphosphonates, a vigilance rooted in this cancer's skeletal impact and metabolic havoc.