Nokea
Which statement made by the client diagnosed with chronic bronchitis indicates to the nurse more teaching is required?
- A. I should contact my health-care provider if my sputum changes color or amount.
- B. I will take my bronchodilator regularly to prevent having bronchospasms.
- C. This metered-dose inhaler gives a precise amount of medication with each dose.
- D. I need to return to the HCP to have my blood drawn with my annual physical.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood draws (D) are not routine for bronchitis, indicating misunderstanding. Sputum changes (A), bronchodilator use (B), and inhaler accuracy (C) reflect correct understanding.
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Select all the correct options that represent the pathophysiology of an asthma attack.
- A. The smooth muscle surrounding the alveoli constricts, limiting oxygenation.
- B. The mucosa lining experiences severe inflammation.
- C. The goblet cells within the mucosa lining produce excessive amounts of mucous.
- D. Too much carbon dioxide is exhaled due to hyperventilation and the patient experiences respiratory alkalosis.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Asthma involves inflammation of the airway mucosa and excessive mucus production by goblet cells. Smooth muscle constriction occurs in bronchioles, not alveoli, and hyperventilation typically leads to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.
An adult client is to have a sputum for culture. When is the best time for the nurse to collect the specimen?
- A. In the morning right after he awakens
- B. Immediately after breakfast
- C. Two hours after eating
- D. Shortly before he retires for the evening
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sputum has collected during the night, making it most concentrated and ideal for culture early in the morning.
When the physician prescribes the first-generation antihistamine for the client's symptomatic relief, the nurse appropriately advises the client that first-generation antihistamines are associated with which side effect?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Constipation
- C. Drowsiness
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines cross the blood-brain barrier, often causing drowsiness as a common side effect.
The physician orders an acid-fast bacilli sputum culture smear on a patient with possible tuberculosis. How will you collect this?
- A. Collect 2 different sputum specimens 12 hours apart
- B. Collect 3 different sputum specimens (one in the morning, afternoon, and at night)
- C. Collect 3 different sputum specimens on 3 different days
- D. Collect 2 different sputum specimens on 2 different days
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is how an AFB sputum culture is collected.
A 55-year old male patient is admitted with an active tuberculosis infection. The nurse will place the patient in precautions and will always wear when providing patient care?
- A. droplet, respirator
- B. airborne, respirator
- C. contact and airborne, surgical mask
- D. droplet, surgical mask
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Active tuberculosis requires airborne precautions due to its transmission via respiratory droplets. A respirator (e.g., N95) is required for healthcare workers, not a surgical mask, to protect against inhaling the bacteria.